Jurassic Coast Case Study

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Important locations on Jurassic Coast

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1

Important locations on Jurassic Coast

  • Chesil Beach - tombolo

  • The Fleet Lagoon (behind Chesil Beach)

  • Chalk headland - Old Harry stack

  • Sandbanks spit

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2

How does GEOLOGY affect geomorphic processes here?

  • Made of bands of harder (chalk + limestone) and softer rock (clay) → headlands and bays

  • Has both concordant + discordant coastlines

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3

Temperature’s effects

  • Warm, dry summers

  • Freeze-thaw rare due to mild winters

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4

Wind’s effects

  • South west prevailing winds can bring storms from Atlantic

  • High energy destructive waves can increase erosion - eroding base of cliffs

  • Unstable cliffs → mass movement

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5

Rainfall’s effects

  • Relatively low annual rain (but heavy rain in winter)

  • Soils can saturate in winter - slumping of cliffs

  • Chemical weathering of chalk (carbonation)

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6

Quarrying impacts

  • Limestone (building material) quarried on Isle of Portland

  • Quarries expose large areas of rock, making them vulnerable to chemical erosion

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7

Tourism impacts

  • Major tourist attraction

  • Coastal footpaths eroded by walkers

  • This exposes soil and rock to weathering and erosion by wind and rain

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8

Swanage coastal management

  • 1.8km coastal defence works - mainly stone sea walls and timber groynes

  • 90,000m^3 sand deposited → dissipate wave energy

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9

Positives of defences

Lots of hard + soft defences → holistic

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10

Negatives of defences

  • Beach nourishment needs recharging

  • Groynes starved the north region of sediment → narrower beach, less dissipation of wave energy

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