Lymphatic, Immune System, and Blood Disorders: Key Terms and Conditions

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS.

Lymphadenopathy

Abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes.

Lymphedema

Edema due to faulty lymphatic drainage (swollen lymph nodes).

Lymphoma

A usually malignant, cancerous tumor of lymphoid tissue.

Splenomegaly

Abnormal enlargement of the spleen.

Hypercalcemia

An excess of calcium in the blood. Can lead to digestive systems, increased thirst, muscle weakness, cognitive issues, and bone pain.

Hyperkalemia

An abnormally high concentration of potassium in the blood. It can lead to heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, or vomiting.

Hypernatremia

The presence of an abnormally high concentration of sodium in the blood. Can cause dehydration, confusion, muscle twitches, and seizures.

Hypocalcemia

A deficiency of calcium in the blood. Prolonged low calcium levels can result in poor bone formation, which may result in brittle bones that are prone to fractures.

Hypokalemia

A deficiency of potassium in the blood. Can cause constipation, the feeling of skipped heart beats or palpitations, fatigue, muscle damage, muscle weakness or spasms, tingling or numbness.

Hyponatremia

The condition of having an abnormally low level of sodium in the blood. Typically marked by nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, fatigue, and muscle cramps and that when severe may be life-threatening if untreated.