Phospholipid membranes

what are the main components of the plasma membrane

phospholipid bilayer, transmembrane proteins, peripheral membrane protein, cell surface markers

what is the phospholipid membrane made of

made of glycerol, 2 non polar fatty acids, and a polar phosphate group (head)

why are there spontaneously formed bilayer in the phospholipid

its form in the aqueous envirnment due to amphiathic structure

what is the amphiathic structure

the hydrophobic tails and the hydrophilic heads

what are glycoproteins

hv carbs covelently bonded 2 them

what do glycoproteins mostly bond to

proteins

what are glycolipids

hv carbs binded to them

what binds all cells

phospholipid membrane

what are the functions of the membrane

transport, enzymatic activity, signal transduction, cell-cell recognition, intercellular joining, attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM

what is membrane transport

membrane protein in membrane acting as a chanel to let substances in

what function needs membrane transport

homeostasis

how does ATP change membrane transport

the protein would use ATP as energy to open the chanel and let substances in (mainly for ions)

what is enzymic activity

stimulated by smth on outside and can function as an enzyme when active site exposed is eposed to substances in solution close by

where are the enzymes involved in the enzymic activity found

stuck in the membrane

can nearby enzymes help with enzymic activity

yes, they help to carry out sequences of steps in a metabolic pathway

what is signal transduction

signaling molecule binding to receptor chaning the receptors shape activating it and then giving a message inside to communicate to the cytoplasmic protein on next steps inside the cell

what is a receptor

protein molecule that receives and responds to a signaling molecule, known as a ligand

what is cell-cell recognition

important for organizing cell in animal embryo and immune system rejecing foreing cells

how long is the binding time for cell-cell recognition

short

what are glycoproteins

ID tags that are specifically recognized by membrane proteins

how long are intercellular joining

longer lasting than cell-cell

what is intercellular joining

2 close membranes hooking together

what is attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM

membrane protiens attaching to ECM causing integrins to bind w plasma membrane

what does the attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM cause

connection causes coordination for extra/intra cellular changes and transmitting signals b/w external and internal cell

causes changes in cell behavior and gene activity