Oral Pathologies

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and definitions related to oral pathologies.

Pathology

The study of diseases in the oral cavity.

Ulcer

A defect or break in continuity of the mucosa that results in a punched-out area similar to a crater.

Abscess

A localized collection of pus in a circumscribed area.

Cyst

A closed sac or pouch lined with epithelium that contains fluid or semisolid material.

Lesion

An abnormal tissue alteration in the oral cavity that can be a wound, sore, or any other tissue damage.

Inflammation

The body's protective response to irritation or injury, which can be acute or chronic.

Acute Inflammation

Occurs when the injury to tissue is minimal and short-lasting, leading to quick repair.

Chronic Inflammation

Occurs when irritation or injury to tissue continues over a longer duration.

Leukoplakia

Means white patch; lesions that vary in appearance and are commonly linked to chronic irritation.

Ankyloglossia

Also known as tongue tie, where the lingual frenum restricts tongue movement.

Candidiasis

An infection that can manifest in the mouth, often seen in patients progressing to AIDS.

Human Papillomavirus

A virus that appears commonly in immunocompromised individuals, often leading to spiky warts.

Kaposi Sarcoma

An opportunistic infection in patients with HIV that presents as bluish, blackish, or reddish blotches.

Fissured Tongue

A condition marked by deep grooves on the tongue's dorsal surface, often requiring gentle cleansing.

Cellulitis

A serious skin infection characterized by redness, swelling, and pain, especially associated with oral infections.

Erosion

A shallow defect in the mucosa caused by mechanical trauma.

Purpura

Red or purple spots caused by localized bleeding.

Granuloma

A nodule that contains granulation tissue, commonly referenced in dentistry.

Tumor

Also known as neoplasm, which can be benign or malignant.

Hemorrhage

The escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, leading to external or internal bleeding.

Macule

A flat pigmented spot on the skin, lips, or mucosa, often compared to a mole or freckle.