IB Chem Topic 1.1: Key Definitions, States of Matter and Ideal Gasses (Tiber Tutor)

Elements

Simplest substances made of one type of atom that cannot be broken down.

Compounds

Substances made of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded in fixed ratios with different properties than their constituent elements.

Mixtures

Substances made of more than one element or compound not chemically bonded together that can be separated by physical means.

Homogeneous mixtures

Mixtures where components are in the same state, such as two liquids (e.g., water and alcohol).

Heterogeneous mixtures

Mixtures where components are in different states, such as solid and liquid (e.g., sand and water).

Solids

Substances with a fixed volume and shape where particles vibrate around fixed positions and do not take the shape of the container.

Liquids

Substances with a fixed volume that fill the shape of their container, where particles slide over each other due to weak intermolecular forces.

Gases

Substances with no fixed volume that fill the shape of a container, where particles move randomly in space due to very weak intermolecular forces.