Physics Principles of Gases, Liquids, and Buoyancy

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the behavior of gases, liquids, buoyancy, and fluid dynamics based on the lecture notes.

Weaker intermolecular forces

Gases have weaker intermolecular forces compared to liquids and solids, allowing them to expand and fill their containers.

Normal force

The force exerted by a surface to support the weight of an object resting on it, balancing out the gravitational force.

Displacement

The volume of fluid that is moved aside by an object when it is placed in the fluid.

Density

Mass per unit volume, represented as mass divided by volume.

Pressure

The force applied per unit area, calculated as force divided by area.

Archimedes' principle

The principle stating that a body immersed in fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.

Buoyant force

The upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an object immersed in it.

Incompressible fluids

Fluids that cannot be easily compressed, meaning their density remains constant under pressure.

Flow rate

The volume of fluid that moves through a given surface per unit time, often expressed in liters per hour or cubic centimeters per second.

Bernoulli's equation

An equation that describes the conservation of energy in fluid flow, relating pressure, velocity, and height.