Vocabulary Mastery Part 2

A complete sequence of vocabulary flashcards including terms, related word forms, and definitions based on the lecture notes.

keystone

A central or most important part of something on which everything else depends; in architecture, the wedge-shaped stone at the top of an arch.

hectic

Full of busy, frantic, or incessant activity.

hectically

In a hurried and confused way.

rustling

Characterized by the soft, crackling sound made by dry leaves or paper rubbing together.

rustle

To make or cause a soft, muffled crackling sound through friction.

sensory

Relating to physical sensation or the five senses (sight, smell, hearing, touch, taste).

sense

A faculty by which the body perceives external stimuli; or to perceive or become aware of something.

sensitive

Quick to detect or respond to slight changes or signals; easily unaffected or damaged by external influences.

sensitivity

The quality of being sensitive; often used to describe the responsive settings of a device like a mouse.

sensation

A physical feeling resulting from something that happens to or comes into contact with the body; a state of widespread excitement.

preventive

Designed or used to keep something undesirable from happening or arising.

prevent

To keep something from happening or to stop someone from doing something.

prevention

The act of stopping something from happening or a system designed to stop problems before they start.

preventable

Able to be stopped or avoided with proper care or action.

ailment

A physical disorder or illness, typically one that is minor or chronic.

ail

To cause pain, trouble, or distress to someone or something.

ailing

In poor health or experiencing significant problems (often used for people, companies, or systems).

prescribe

To officially advise or authorize the use of a medicine or treatment; to state as a rule to be followed.

prescription

An instruction written by a medical practitioner that authorizes a patient to be provided with a medicine.

prescribed

Specifically advised by a doctor or set down as an official rule or requirement.

prescriptive

Relating to the imposition or enforcement of a rule or method; being dictatorial or requiring strict adherence.

accessible

Able to be reached, entered, or obtained; easy to understand or use.

access

The means or right to enter, approach, or use something.

accessibility

The quality of being easily reached or used; the level of convenience in entering or approaching a place.

inaccessible

Unable to be reached, entered, or understood.

acknowledgment

Acceptance of the truth or existence of something; an expression of gratitude or confirmation of receipt.

acknowledge

To accept or admit that something is true or exists; to confirm that a message or item has been received.

hesitant

Tentative, unsure, or slow in acting or speaking due to uncertainty.

hesitate

To pause before saying or doing something, especially due to nerves and lack of confidence.

hesitation

A state of doubt or a pause before making a decision or taking action.

hesitantly

In a way that shows a lack of certainty or confidence.

sacred

Considered holy, connected with a religion, or deserving of great respect and protection.

sacredness

The quality of being holy or inviolable.

thriller

A book, play, or movie with an exciting plot, typically involving crime or espionage.

thrill

A sudden feeling of extreme excitement and pleasure; or to cause someone to feel this way.

thrilling

Extremely exciting and enjoyable.

mystery novel

A genre of fiction involving a puzzling crime or situation that must be solved.

mystery

Something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain.

mysterious

Difficult or impossible to identify; strange and full of secrets.

non-fiction

Prose writing that is based on facts, real events, and real people.

fiction

Literature that describes imaginary events and people; stories not based on true facts.

fictional

Relating to or occurring in stories that are not real/imaginary.

science fiction

A genre of fiction dealing with imaginative concepts such as advanced science and technology, space flight, or time travel.

scientific

Based on or characterized by the methods and principles of science.

scientist

A person who studies or has expert knowledge of one or more of the natural or physical sciences.

poetry

Literary work in which intensity is given to the expression of feelings and ideas through style and rhythm.

poem

A single piece of writing in verse, often with rhythm and imagery.

poet

A person who writes poems.

poetic

Relating to or used in poetry; having a beautiful or imaginative emotional style.

publisher

A person or company that prepares and issues books, journals, or other works for sale.

publish

To prepare and issue a book, journal, or piece of music for public distribution.

publication

The action of making a work public, or the specific printed work itself (like a magazine or book).

cast

The entire group of actors who perform in a movie, play, or show.

rehearsal

A practice or trial performance of a play, musical work, or other performance.

rehearse

To practice a play, piece of music, or speech in private before a public performance.

genre

A specific category of artistic composition characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

villain

A character whose evil actions or motives are important to a plot; a wicked person.

villainous

Relating to or characteristic of a wicked person or evil character.

villainy

Wicked or criminal behavior; an evil act or deed.

romantic novel

A genre of fiction that focuses on a love story between characters.

romance

A feeling of excitement and mystery associated with love; or a story describing a love relationship.

romantic

Conducive to or characterized by the expression of love; suggestive of an idealized view of reality.

adaptation

A movie, television program, or stage play that has been modified from a written work like a book.

adapt

To change something to make it suitable for a new use or situation; to modify a book into a film.

adaptable

Able to adjust easily to new conditions or environments.

screenwriter

A person who writes the script (screenplay) for a movie or television show.

screenwriting

The art, craft, or profession of writing for the screen.

screenplay

The written script of a film, including acting instructions and scene directions.

blockbuster

A movie or book that is a great commercial success and earns a huge amount of money.

global warming

A gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect.

global

Relating to the whole world; worldwide.

globally

In a way that affects or relates to the entire world.

deforestation

The action of clearing a wide area of trees through cutting or burning.

deforest

To clear a land of forests or trees.

reforestation

The process of replanting an area with trees to restore a forest ecosystem.

sustainable

Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level; involving methods that do not completely use up or destroy natural resources.

sustain

To strengthen or support physically or mentally; to keep something going over time.

sustainability

The ability to be maintained at a steady level without exhausting natural resources or causing ecological damage.

harm

Physical injury or damage; or the act of causing such damage.

harmful

Causing or likely to cause harm or damage.

harmless

Not able or likely to cause any injury or damage.

pollute

To contaminate water, air, or land with harmful or poisonous substances.

pollution

The presence of harmful or poisonous substances in the environment.

pollutant

A substance that causes pollution, especially in air or water (e.g., carbon dioxide).

atmosphere

The envelope of gases surrounding the earth; or the pervading tone or mood of a place.

atmospheric

Relating to the atmosphere of the earth; or creating a distinctive and impressive mood.

renewable energy

Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.

renew

To resume an activity; or to extend the period of validity of something (like a passport or contract).

renewable

Capable of being replaced naturally or reused; not depleted when used.

renewal

The process of extending the validity of something or restoring it to a new state.

greenhouse gas

A gas, such as carbon dioxide, that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation.

solar panels

Devices designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source of energy for generating electricity.

solar

Relating to or determined by the sun.

recycle

To convert waste into reusable material rather than throwing it away.

recycling

The process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown away as trash and turning them into new products.

recyclable

Materials or objects that can be processed and used again.

environmental

Relating to the natural world and the impact of human activity on its condition.

environment

The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.

environmentally

In a way that relates to the environment or nature (often used in 'environmentally friendly').