Ecology Final Exam

The Final Exam for Ecology, the eight unit in the course Introduction to Biology for Veterinary Technicians at Penn Foster College

Introduced species become invasive when

They expand their range and outcompete native species

Which of the following has only biotic factors?

Fish, algae, snail, and willow tree

Which of the following is a freshwater ecosystem?

Lakes

An endangered species is

a species in danger of extinction

Which statement summarizes how biodiversity has been affected in recent years?

Species loss is occurring at an accelerated rate compared to the fossil record

Which of the following are the three main categories that compromise the different types of biomes on Earth?

Marine, Freshwater, Terrestrial

Scientists who study global ecology study at the scale of

the biosphere

Which of the following is the name for the component of the biosphere that includes the land, including the area under the ocean, the continent and the upper mantle?

lithosphere

Which of the following is a common population dispersion pattern?

Clumped

What's the definition of population density?

The number of individuals per unit of area

A __________ helps define and structure an entire ecosystem, and its removal can have significant impacts on the ecosystem.

keystone species

What's a range of tolerance?

The variation in environmental conditions in which an organism can survive

A fruit fly has a short life span and produces many offspring. Which type of reproductive strategist is a fruit fly?

R-strategist

__________ is a consequence of air pollution and is formed when emissions from factories react with water in the air.

Acid rain

Ecology is the study of the interaction of organisms

with each other and their physical environment

Succession in an ecosystem that occurs after a fire disturbs the ecosystem but doesn't remove its soil is called

secondary succession

Which of the following is an anticipated effect of global warming?

Rising sea levels

__________ states two organisms can't share a niche in an ecosystem

competitive exclusion

When invasive species are introduced into a new environment what's most likely to occur?

They'll outcompete native species and after the food web

Density, distribution, and growth rate are characteristics used to describe which of the following?

Populations

All of the following are density-dependent factors that limit population growth rates except

weather

The geographical area within which that species can be found is known as its

population range

Living in a way that doesn't damage or degrade the earth's biosphere is known as

sustainability

Here is an example of a food chain.

Tree → Caterpillars → Sparrow → Hawk

Which of the organisms listed is a primary consumer?

Caterpillars

The process by which the land productivity decreases is called

desertification

Carbon is removed from the atmosphere through

photosynthesis

Biological diversity is composed of which three levels?

Genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

Cougars hunt for kill, and eat animals. All the following correctly describe cougars except for

herbivore

What's the main driver of global climate patterns?

Sun

How does the logistic growth model of population growth differ from the exponential growth model?

The logistic growth model considers the environments carrying capacity