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40 Terms
1
Phonological Disorder
A difficulty in learning and applying the rules of the sound system of a language, leading to issues organizing speech sounds according to phonological rules.
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2
Articulation Disorder
Difficulty in physically producing specific speech sounds due to motor-based issues, impacting sound formation due to coordination challenges with speech organs.
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3
Example of Phonological Disorder
A child consistently replacing /k/ sounds with /t/ (e.g., saying 'tat' instead of 'cat').
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4
Example of Articulation Disorder
A child who cannot correctly pronounce the /r/ sound but follows phonological rules (e.g., saying 'wabbit' instead of 'rabbit').
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5
ASHA Definition of Speech Sound Disorders
An umbrella term for difficulties with perception, motor production, and/or phonological representation of speech sounds that impact intelligibility.
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6
Delay vs. Disorder
Delay: Typical order of skills at a slower rate. Disorder: Atypical development including unusual error patterns not seen in typical cases.
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7
Example of Speech Delay
A 3-year-old who simplifies clusters (e.g., saying 'poon' for 'spoon').
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8
Example of Speech Disorder
A 4-year-old who consistently omits final consonants in all words.
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9
Importance of Differentiating Delay and Disorder
Proper diagnosis affects treatment planning, prognosis, and eligibility for services.
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10
Speech Delay
Affects the production of sounds.
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11
Language Delay
Affects vocabulary, sentence structure, and comprehension.
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12
Impact of Language Delay on Speech Development
Limited vocabulary may delay phoneme acquisition, reducing opportunities for speech practice.