Clinical Methods Quiz 2

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40 Terms

1
Phonological Disorder
A difficulty in learning and applying the rules of the sound system of a language, leading to issues organizing speech sounds according to phonological rules.
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2
Articulation Disorder
Difficulty in physically producing specific speech sounds due to motor-based issues, impacting sound formation due to coordination challenges with speech organs.
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3
Example of Phonological Disorder
A child consistently replacing /k/ sounds with /t/ (e.g., saying 'tat' instead of 'cat').
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4
Example of Articulation Disorder
A child who cannot correctly pronounce the /r/ sound but follows phonological rules (e.g., saying 'wabbit' instead of 'rabbit').
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5
ASHA Definition of Speech Sound Disorders
An umbrella term for difficulties with perception, motor production, and/or phonological representation of speech sounds that impact intelligibility.
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6
Delay vs. Disorder
Delay: Typical order of skills at a slower rate. Disorder: Atypical development including unusual error patterns not seen in typical cases.
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7
Example of Speech Delay
A 3-year-old who simplifies clusters (e.g., saying 'poon' for 'spoon').
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8
Example of Speech Disorder
A 4-year-old who consistently omits final consonants in all words.
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9
Importance of Differentiating Delay and Disorder
Proper diagnosis affects treatment planning, prognosis, and eligibility for services.
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10
Speech Delay
Affects the production of sounds.
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11
Language Delay
Affects vocabulary, sentence structure, and comprehension.
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12
Impact of Language Delay on Speech Development
Limited vocabulary may delay phoneme acquisition, reducing opportunities for speech practice.
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13
Qualities of Voice in Disorders
Pitch, Loudness, Quality.
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14
Causes of Voice Disorders
Functional (vocal misuse), Organic (structural abnormalities), Emotional (psychological factors).
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15
Goal of Voice Treatment
To help clients produce a voice of the best possible pitch, loudness, and quality.
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16
Social Stories
Short, structured narratives that describe situations to improve social understanding.
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17
Author of the Social Story Method
Carol Gray.
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18
Elements of Effective Social Stories
Descriptive sentences, perspective sentences, and directive sentences.
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19
AAC
Any method of communication other than speech used to supplement or replace spoken language.
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20
Aided AAC
Uses tools like speech-generating devices or communication boards.
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21
Unaided AAC
Uses body-based communication like gestures or sign language.
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22
Factors in AAC Evaluation
Communication needs, cognitive abilities, motor skills, sensory abilities, environment.
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23
Role of Core Vocabulary in AAC
Core vocabulary consists of high-frequency words essential for language growth.
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24
Description of PECS
A structured approach where users exchange pictures to communicate, often leading to verbal communication.
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25
Ecological Validity Framework
Ensures interventions fit the cultural, linguistic, and contextual needs of a population.
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26
Challenges for Latinx Caregivers in AAC
Language barriers, lack of culturally relevant materials, differences in communication expectations.
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27
Contextual Fit
Degree to which an intervention aligns with family values and routines.
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Culturally Relevant Adaptations for AAC
Translating materials, involving community members, incorporating culturally relevant vocabulary.
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29
Language's Role in AAC Interventions
Interventions must be delivered in the home language to promote communication growth.
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30
Personalismo
A cultural value emphasizing warm and respectful interactions, especially in Latinx communities.
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31
Familismo
Strong commitment to family, with extended members involved in decision-making.
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32
Respeto
Concept of respect requiring deference to elders and authority figures in Latinx culture.
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33
Educación
Encompasses teaching of manners and social behaviors within family and community context.
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34
Articulation Disorder Assessment Example
A child with difficulty producing /s/ and /z/ but normal language development is likely classified as an articulation disorder.
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35
Assessing Language Delay vs. Bilingual Development
Assess the child's proficiency in Spanish and English to distinguish between delay and typical bilingual development.
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36
AAC Intervention Recommendations for Latinx Families
Provide materials in Spanish, use culturally relevant vocab, and offer bilingual coaching sessions.
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37

CII

CII: Caregiver-Implemented Interventions

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38

CLD

CLD: Culturally and Linguistically Diverse

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39

EVF

EVF: Ecological Validity Framework

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40

CAC

CAC: Cultural Adaptation Checklist.

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