01_Lecture_W16_BIO_1110_UPDATED_ONLINE

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19 Terms

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Cytoplasm
The jelly-like fluid inside the cell where organelles are suspended.
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Ribosomes
Cell structures that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.
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Mitochondria
Organelles known as the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for energy production.
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Lysosomes
Organelles that contain enzymes to digest cellular waste and foreign material.
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Nucleus
The organelle that houses the cell's genetic material (DNA).
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Endoplasmic reticulum
An organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis, classified into rough and smooth types.
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Golgi body
An organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for secretion or use in the cell.
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Vacuole
A storage organelle in cells, often containing water, nutrients, or waste products.
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Cell membrane
The protective barrier that surrounds the cell, regulating what enters and exits.
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Biology
The scientific study of life and living organisms.
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Properties of Life
Characteristics that define living organisms, including order, regulation, growth, energy processing, response to the environment, reproduction, and evolution.
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Eukarya
One of the three domains of life, encompassing organisms with complex cells, including plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
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Hypothesis
A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, which must be testable and falsifiable.
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Scientific method
A systematic process for inquiry that involves observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, and conclusion drawing.
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Theory
A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can incorporate facts, laws, inferences, and tested hypotheses.
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Experimental group
A group of individuals in an experiment that are exposed to the treatment being tested.
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Control group
A group in an experiment that is not exposed to the treatment, utilized for comparison.
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Independent variable
The variable that is changed or manipulated in an experiment.
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Dependent variable
The variable that is measured in the experiment and is affected by the independent variable.