Schools of Psychology - AP Psych
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11 Terms
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Behaviorism
Founder: John B Watson and B.F. Skinner (Important Psychology)
Definition: Focus on behavior is dependent on training and conditioning
Key Words: Reinforcement, Punishment, Reward, Observation
Definition: Focus on behavior is dependent on training and conditioning
Key Words: Reinforcement, Punishment, Reward, Observation
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Functionalism
Founder: William James
Definition: Observations of the functions of our reactions
Key Words: Function
Definition: Observations of the functions of our reactions
Key Words: Function
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Gestalt
Founder: Max Wertheimer
Definition: About how outside influences and experiences influence perception
Key Words: Perception
Definition: About how outside influences and experiences influence perception
Key Words: Perception
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Structuralism
Founder: William Wundt and Edward Titchner
Definition: it is the study of the mind by breaking down reactions into their component parts using introspection
Key Words: Introspection
Definition: it is the study of the mind by breaking down reactions into their component parts using introspection
Key Words: Introspection
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Sociocultural
Founder: Lev Vygotsky
Definition: It is the idea that there are some innate behaviors but the society and environment one grows up in provide them tools for how to act in the future
Key Words: Culture
Definition: It is the idea that there are some innate behaviors but the society and environment one grows up in provide them tools for how to act in the future
Key Words: Culture
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Humanistic Psychology
Founder: Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
Definition: Looks at the person as a whole and look at their needs (basic needs, safety, love, respect, ambition), environment, and personal growth
Key Words: Self, Individuality, Free Will. Growth, Hierarchy
Definition: Looks at the person as a whole and look at their needs (basic needs, safety, love, respect, ambition), environment, and personal growth
Key Words: Self, Individuality, Free Will. Growth, Hierarchy
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Psychodynamics
Founder: Sigmund Freud
Definition: The idea of how unconscious psychology influences you (focus on childhood trauma)
Key Words: Unconscious Mind, Perconcious, Id, Superego
Definition: The idea of how unconscious psychology influences you (focus on childhood trauma)
Key Words: Unconscious Mind, Perconcious, Id, Superego
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Cognitive Perspective
Founder: Jean Piaget
Definition: Studying the functions of the mind (think, explore, and understand) (focus on how children do this and how their mental processes affect adulthood)
Key Words: Think, Mental Processes
Definition: Studying the functions of the mind (think, explore, and understand) (focus on how children do this and how their mental processes affect adulthood)
Key Words: Think, Mental Processes
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Evolutionary Psychology
Founder: Charles Darwin
Definition: The idea that all human actions are caused by natural selection and reproduction is based on this
Key Words: Adaptation, Reproduction, Mating Preference, Survival
Definition: The idea that all human actions are caused by natural selection and reproduction is based on this
Key Words: Adaptation, Reproduction, Mating Preference, Survival
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Biological
Founder: Phineas Gage
Definition: Studies the mind in terms of hormones, genetics, and others (body’s effect on the mind)
Key Words: Brain, Chemical Imbalance
Definition: Studies the mind in terms of hormones, genetics, and others (body’s effect on the mind)
Key Words: Brain, Chemical Imbalance
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Psychiatrists
Definition: They treat mind disorders
Note 
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