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suggested the mind and brain were separate and can be studied separately
opened the way of discussion surrounding the mind being an observable thing
the mind could be studied
many people suggested conflicting theories about the nature of the mind ^ this was all made up
opened first experimental psychology lab
psychology becomes distinct discipline
combined scientific methods with the twined concepts of introspection and structuralism
most vital feature of wundt's approach was the emphasis on standardisation
strictly controlled environments
experiments were replicated to avoid EVs
stood as the pinnacle of psychological study
the basis of psychodynamic approach
descartes
psychology is a branch of philosophy
definition was experimental philosophy
wundt opened first experimental psychology lab in germant
emerges as a distinct discipline in its own right
creation of modern science
sigmund freud emphasises the unconscious minds influence on our behaviour (theory)
he creates person centred therapy (psychoanalysis)
john b watson writes 'psychology as the behaviourist views it'
B.F. skinner and john establish the behavourist approach
carl rogers and abraham maslow develop the humanistic approach
it rejects behaviourist and psychodynamic views
free will
digital computers give psychologists a metaphor for the operations in the human mind
the cognitive approach reintroduces the study of mental processes
there were only a small amount of people backing the approach
they used science to explain the ideas in our heads
albert bandura proposes social learning theory
draws attention to cognitive factors in learning
links cognitive approach and behaviourism
biological approach
dominant scientific perspective
advances in technology increases the understanding of the brain
biology became a factor
cognitive neuroscience emerges
brings cognitive and biological approach together
studies how biological structures influence mental processes
cognitive scientists who absorb biological approaches
all approaches are put back together
wundt's work was systematic and well controlled
were recorded in a controlled environment - no EVs
procedures/instructions were carefully standardised -> all participants received the same information and were tested in the same way
would be considered unscientific today
relied on patients self reporting their mental processes (subjective, patient may not be truthful)
hard to establish 'laws of behaviour' from such data
can claim to be scientific -> same aims as natural science (describe, predict, understand and control behaviour)
learning, cognitive and biological approaches rely on scientific methods
