Psychology Chapter 1

Nature

traits, abilities, and behavior from genetics

Nurture

environmental influences that can affect development

continuous development

gradual development

discontinuous development

development happens in distinct stages

age graded normative

changes common to everyone during that age (puberty)

history graded normative

changes w/ a group of people around the same age (Gen Z, boomers)

non normative

changes from unique

critical period

time when certain things must occur for normal development

sensitive period

time when particular developments occur most easily

classical conditioning

development when one learns to associate one stimulus with another (food + saliva)

operant conditioning

development when consequences of behavior encourage/discourage the use of an exsisting response or make a new one

social-cognitive theory

development occurs from influence of others

information processing

how people take in, use, and store information, memory processing (capacity to process info increases as we age)

humanistic theories

individual’s natural capacity to make decisions about their lives

free will

ability to make choices w life decisions

unconditional positive regard

full acceptance and love allows people to develop self esteem

self actualization

natural tendency towards growth and reaching fullest potential