APHG Unit 7 Vocab Industry + Energy

APH Unit 7 Industry + Energy Vocabulary. 35 Terms

Shipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory moments before they are needed.

Just in time delivery

The amount of a resource in deposits not yet identified but thought to exist

Potential Reserve

A U.S. law that prevents a union and a company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join the union as a condition of employment.

Right to work law

An industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the inputs.

Bulk gaining industry

An industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs.

Bulk reducing industry

A gas used as a solvent, a propellant in aerosols, a refrigerant, and in plastic foams and fire extinguishers.

Chlorofluorocarbon

The use of water that evaporates rather than being returned to nature as a liquid.

Consumptive water usage

Manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory, commonly found before the Industrial Revolution.

Cottage industry

The splitting of an atomic nucleus to release energy.

Fission

Form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly.

Fordist Production

An energy source formed from the residue of plants and animals buried millions of years ago.

Fossil Fuel

Creation of energy by joining the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms to form helium.

Fusion

Energy from steam or hot water produced from hot or molten underground rocks.

Geothermal energy

The anticipated increase in Earth's temperature, caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted by the surface.

Greenhouse effect

An industry for which labor costs comprise a high percentage of total expenses.

Labor intensive industry

A factory built by a U.S. company in Mexico near the U.S. border, to take advantage of the much lower labor costs in Mexico.

Maquilladora

Transfer of some types of jobs, especially those requiring low-paid less skilled workers, from more developed to less developed countries.

New international division of labor

The use of water that is returned to nature as a liquid.

Nonconsumptive water usage

Pollution that originates from a large, diffuse area.

Nonpoint source pollution

A source of energy that is a finite supply capable of being exhausted.

Nonrenewable energy

A decision by a corporation to turn over much of the responsibility for production to independent suppliers.

Outsourcing

A gas that absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation, found in the stratosphere, a zone between 15 and 50 kilometers (9 to 30 miles) above Earth's surface.

Ozone

Solar energy systems that collect energy without the use of mechanical devices.

Passive solar energy systems

An atmospheric condition formed through a combination of weather conditions and pollution, especially from motor vehicle emissions.

Photochemical smog

Pollution that enters a body of water from a specific source.

Point source pollution

Concentration of waste added to air, water, or land at a greater level than occurs in average air, water, or land.

Pollution

Adoption by companies of flexible work rules, such as the allocation of workers to teams that perform a variety of tasks.

Post fordist production

The amount of a resource remaining in discovered deposits.

Proven reserve

The separation, collection, processing, marketing, and reuse of unwanted material.

Recycling

The rebuilding of a product to specifications of the original manufactured product using a combination of reused, repaired and new parts.

Remanufacturing

A resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by humans.

Renewable energy

A place to deposit solid waste, where a layer of earth is bulldozed over garbage each day to reduce emissions of gases and odors from the decaying trash, to minimize fires, and to discourage vermin.

Sanitary landfill

Location factors related to the costs of factors of production inside the plant, such as land, labor, and capital.

Site factors

Location factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory.

Situation factors

An approach typical of traditional mass production in which a company controls all phases of a highly complex production process.

Vertical integration