Cell Structure and Organisation

Viruses

________ cause a variety of infectious disease in humans, animals and plants.

Protein synthesis

________ and secretion is a great example of how organelles work together.

Phagocytes

________ use lysosomes to digest engulfed bacteria.

mRNA molecule

The ________ contains the code for the primary structure of a protein; the order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.

Ribosomes

________ are produced in the nucleolus; they leave the nucleus via the nuclear pores and take up their positions on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Mitochondria

________ have an inner matrix, but chloroplasts have a stroma.

secretory vesicles

The ________ merge with the cell membrane and release the enzymes by exocytosis.

rough ER

The ________ transports the polypeptides via transport vesicles, which merge with the Golgi body.

Tissues

________ form organs and organs form systems.

Organisms

________ can be unicellular, such as amoeba and bacteria, or multicellular such as plants and animals.

Atoms

________ are arranged into molecules.

nuclear pores

The ________ also allow mRNA molecules (formed from DNA templates by transcription) to leave the nucleus.

Chloroplasts

________ contain photosynthetic pigments to absorb light energy, mitochondria do not.

Cells

________ work together to form tissues.

Golgi

The polypeptides are modified in the ________ body and converted to their tertiary structure e.g.

Bacteria

________ do not have membrane bound organelles in their cells- no nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria or chloroplasts; these cells are prokaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic cells

________ have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

Mitochondria

________ have cristae, but chloroplasts have thylakoid membranes.

secretory vesicles

The enzymes are packaged into ________ and transported to the cell membrane.

Chloroplasts

________ for photosynthesis and cellulose cell walls for support and to maintain turgor pressure.

Viruses

________ are composed of a protein coat or capsid which surrounds DNA, RNA or simply a few genes; the HIV virus has only 9 genes.

Protein synthesis

________ takes place at the ribosome.

Viruses

________ can only reproduce with the help of a host cell.