Cell Types, Structures, and Evolution: A Biology Overview
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/16
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai | Chat |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
17 Terms
What structures help with cell movement?
Cilia, flagellum, and microvilli.
What are some variations in environmental tolerance for prokaryotic cells?
temperature, pH, salinity, and oxygen content.
What role do genes play in a cell?
gives all instructions for the cell (machinery and behavior)
What is the genome?
the entire sequence of nucleotides in an organism's DNA.
What are the three main components of cell theory?
- All living things are made up of cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.
Who coined the term 'cell' and how?
Robert Hooke coined the term 'cell' after observing cork.
What is the difference between light microscopes and electron microscopes?
Light microscopes- light transmitted thru specimen, shows fine detail/structure
Electron microscopes- beam of electrons transmitted thru specimen, best magnification & resolution
What are prokaryotic cells characterized by?
no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelles, and circular DNA.
What are the two domains of prokaryotes?
Bacteria and Archaea.
What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
nucleus w/ linear DNA, multi/unicell, has membrane-bound organelles, specialization of cells, and started as predators
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
chloroplast & mitochondria began as free living organisms that were engulfed by a larger cell and formed a symbiotic relationship
Structure and function of cytosol?
gel, suspends organelles, many chem rxns
What is the relationship between genome size and complexity?
no relation
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
modifies & packages proteins and lipids for delivery to other organelles
What is the function and structure of mitochondria?
energy production through cellular respiration, double membraned, own DNA, makes own ribosomes
What is the significance of the cytoskeleton?
helps w/ movement, division, and structure
Function of ER?
Rough ER- protein synthesis
Smooth ER- lipid production