Physiology- Digestion Part 3

Pancreas

Organ composed of 99% exocrine and 1-2% endocrine, secretes secretin and CCK

Exocrine portion

Portion of the pancreas, compound gland, secretes water, ions, and digestive amylases, (lipase, nuclease)

Endocrine portion

Portion of the pancreas that has the islets of Langerhans

Secretin

Hormone that triggers secretion of a watery buffer solution

CCK and vagus nerve

Two parts of the body that stimulate the production and secretion of enzymes

Hepatic lobes

Basic functional units of the liver, sinusoids between adjacent plates in the central vein

Liver

Organ that stores nutrients and regulates metabolite levels in the blood, keeps constant supply of sugars, etc., secretes bile

Gallbladder

Organ that has the storage of bile, high concentration and eject into duodenum

Bile

Liquid that emulsifies fats for absorption across wall of small intestines, water and ions assist in buffering

Pancreatic amylase

Enzyme that converts starch into disaccharides into the lumen of the duodenum

Gastric pepsin

Liquid that breaks apart protein chains into smaller polypeptides, further digested by peptidases

Pancreatic lipases

Penetrate bile acid coating, enzyme that breaks down fats in the small intestine

Neural and hormonal

Which mechanisms coordinate the activities of digestive glands?

Parasympathetic, sympathetic

What is GI activity stimulated by? Inhibited by?

Large intestine

Organ with major functions of the reabsorption of water and compact materials into feces, absorb vitamins

Cecum

Part of large intestine, blind sac that collects and stores material

Colon

Part of large intestine, houses some microbial actions into VFAs

Rectum

Part of large intestine, uses a temporary storage