GCSE Biology: Ecology and Ecosystems Study Notes

What is ecology?

Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the interactions between organisms and their environment.

What are ecosystems?

Ecosystems are communities of living organisms interacting with the abiotic components of their environment, functioning as a unit.

What are the different types of ecosystems?

Types of ecosystems include terrestrial ecosystems (like forests, deserts, and grasslands) and aquatic ecosystems (like freshwater and marine ecosystems).

What is a food chain?

A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

What is a food web?

A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains within an ecosystem.

What is biodiversity?

Biodiversity refers to the variety of different species and genetic diversity within an ecosystem.

What are the layers of a forest ecosystem?

The layers include the forest floor, understory, canopy, and emergent layer.

What is a biome?

A biome is a large geographical area characterized by its climate, soil, plants, and animals.