DEP3053 UF Newland Chapter 16

Normative Crisis Model

traditional approach to personality development suggesting that individuals go through stages tied to age related crises

Life Event Models

suggests that timing of events in adult’s life rather than age determine the course of personality development.

GENERATIVITY VERSUS STAGNATION

middle adulthood, people consider their contributions to family, community, work, and society. They strive to create or nurture things that will outlast them, leading to a sense of fulfillment, while stagnation occurs when they feel unproductive or disconnected.

What age is middle adulthood

40 to 65

What is a midlife crisis

A midlife crisis is a period of emotional turmoil in middle adulthood, typically occurring between ages 40 and 60, where individuals may reevaluate their life goals, achievements, and contributions, often leading to significant lifestyle changes.

What is empty nest syndrome

Empty nest syndrome refers to the feelings of sadness or loss that parents may experience when their children leave home, signifying a shift in family dynamics and personal identity.

What Is boomerang Children

Boomerang children are young adults who return to live with their parents after initially moving out, often due to financial or personal circumstances. This phenomenon can affect family dynamics and relationships.

What is sandwhich generation

The sandwich generation refers to adults who are simultaneously caring for their aging parents and supporting their own children, often feeling overwhelmed by the demands of both roles.

What is the cycles of violence hypothesis

abuse and neglect of children leads them to be predisposed to abusiveness as adults

What is burnout

occurs when highly trained professionals experience dissatisfaction, disillusionment, frustration, and weariness from their jobs.

Who created the stages of psychosocial development

Erikson

what stage of psychosocial development (name and number) is middle adulthood

Generativity vs Stagnation

What is Generativity

The concern for establishing and guiding the next generation, characterized by productivity and creativity, as well as the desire to contribute to society.

What is stagnation

Focusing on the triviality of life and feeling like no impact was made on the world

What are the two models of personality

Normative-Crisis Model and Life events models

An example of a life events model

a couple getting married at 21 may go through similar things as a couple being married at 39

Who created Seaons of Life Theory

Daniel Levinson

What is Seasons of Life Theory

This theory states that the early 40s are a period of transition and crisis.

Was the Seasons of Life Theory done on men and women or just one gender

This theory only studied men

Does evidence support the idea of Midlife crisis being widespread

Evidence does not support this concept of adult development

What are the Big 5

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.

What is Openness

Level of curiosity and willingness to try new experiences.

What is Conscientiousness

Level of organization, carefullness, and responsibility

What is Extroversion

Level of outgoingness and sociability in social situations.

What is Agreeableness

Level of trust, kindness, and affection in relationships with others.

What is Neuroticism

Level of emotional instability and anxiety in individuals.

What is the name of the pattern shape of marital satisfaction

The U-Shape Pattern

What are the 4 coping mechanisms that allow couples to remain together happily

1. holding realistic expectations

2. focusing on the positive

3. compromising

4. avoiding suffering in silence

What percent of divorced people remarry

75-80%

Why might men be more likely to remarry

They often have a greater desire for companionship and may have higher socioeconomic status.

What are helicpter parents

This parent type intrusively interevens in their children’s lives and into adulthood

What are snowplow parents

This parent type preemptively removes obstacles that might negatively impact their children

What are the 3 types of involved grandparents

Involved, Companionate, and Remote

What are Involved Grandparents

These grandparents actively engage in grandparenting and have influence over their grandchildren’s lives

What are companionate grandparents

These grandparents are more relaxed and focus on enjoying leisure activities with their grandchildren, rather than direct caregiving.

What are remote grandparents

These grandparents are less involved in their grandchildren's lives, often living far away and maintaining minimal contact.

What are the 3 stages of family violence

The three stages of this theory are tension-building, acute battering incident, loving contrition

What is the Tension -Building Stage of the Family Violence theory

This stage involves the batterer becomes upset and shows dissatisfaction initially through verbal abuse

What is the Acute Battering Incident stage

This stage is when physical abuse occurs

What is the loving contrition stage

this stage is the last stage of 3 that is in some but not all cases, batterer feels remorse and apologizes for their actions, and tries to make up for it and may promise to change. This phase often includes affection and gifts to restore the victim's trust.

With increasing age generally also increases job satisfaction

Yes, increains age generally also increases job satisfaction

How is leisure time most spent in middle adulthood

About 5 hours a day on social medial and average 15 hours of tv per week

LO 16.1: Describe ways in which personality develops during middle adulthood.

Personality develops through age-related stages (Normative Crisis Model, like Erikson's) or based on timing of life events (Life Event Models). The Big 5 traits show stability, with Agreeableness and Conscientiousness generally increasing, while others remain stable or slightly decline.

LO 16.2: Summarize Erikson's view of development during middle adulthood and how others have expanded on his ideas.

Erikson's stage for middle adulthood is 'Generativity vs. Stagnation,' focusing on contributing to the next generation (generativity) or feeling unproductive (stagnation). Levinson's 'Seasons of Life Theory' expanded this, suggesting a crisis in the early 40s for men, though widespread midlife crises are not broadly supported.

LO 16.3: Discuss the nature of continuity in personality development during middle adulthood.

Personality in middle adulthood is largely continuous. The Big 5 traits show high stability over time, meaning an individual's relative standing compared to others stays consistent despite some minor average changes. The idea of a sudden 'midlife crisis' causing major changes is not widely supported.

LO 16.4: Describe typical patterns of marriage and divorce in middle adulthood.

Marital satisfaction often follows a U-shape, decreasing with children and rising after they leave. Successful couples have realistic expectations, focus on positives, compromise, and communicate. Divorce, including 'gray divorce' for those over 50, is rising, often due to seeking personal fulfillment. Most divorced individuals (75-80%) remarry, with men often doing so sooner.

LO 16.5: Differentiate the changing family situations middle-aged adults face.

Middle-aged adults face:

1. Empty Nest Syndrome: Sadness when children leave home.

2. Boomerang Children: Adult children returning to live at home.

3. Sandwich Generation: Caring for both aging parents and their own children.

4. Intrusive Parents: 'Helicopter' (intervening) or 'Snowplow' (removing obstacles) parents.

LO 16.6: Describe how people in middle adulthood react to becoming grandparents.

Becoming a grandparent often brings joy, pride, and purpose, offering emotional fulfillment and a chance to share wisdom. Grandparents vary in involvement: 'Involved' are active, 'Companionate' focus on leisure, and 'Remote' have minimal contact, often due to distance.

LO 16.7: List the causes and characteristics of family violence in the United States.

Family violence causes include socioeconomic stress, cultural norms, social isolation, and the 'cycles of violence hypothesis.' Characteristics involve three stages: Tension-Building (verbal abuse), Acute Battering Incident (physical abuse), and sometimes Loving Contrition (remorse and apologies). Victims often experience fear and isolation, perpetrators have anger issues and controlling behaviors.

LO 16.8: Summarize characteristics of work and career in middle adulthood.

In middle adulthood (40-65), many reach peak career success, taking leadership roles. Job satisfaction generally increases with age. However, some may experience a career plateau (limited advancement) or burnout (dissatisfaction and weariness from work).

LO 16.9: Describe the effect losing one's job has on a person in middle adulthood.

Job loss in middle adulthood can cause significant stress, including depression, anxiety, loss of identity, and financial instability. It can also create family tension and make re-entering the job market difficult due to age discrimination or outdated skills.

LO 16.10: Explain how and why people change careers in middle adulthood.

People change careers in middle adulthood to find more meaning, avoid burnout, adapt to new technology, pursue passions, or due to job loss. This involves challenges like retraining, potential age discrimination, financial adjustments during transition, and adapting to new work environments.

LO 16.11: Describe how people experience leisure time in middle adulthood.

In middle adulthood, leisure time is spent on activities like social media (5 hours/day) and TV (15 hours/week). These activities reduce stress, improve health, offer social connections, and provide a sense of accomplishment, contributing to overall well-being and life satisfaction.