Studied by 4 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
1930s in Germany
German military was rebuilt under Hitler, which was a violation of the Treaty of Versailles.
German Aggression
Remilitarized in 1936 - took Rhineland.
Took Austria in 1938 and Sudetenland
Munich Agreement
Chamberlain and Hitler agree that Hitler could take Sudetenland but no more land from Czechoslovakia
March 13-14, 1939
Germany takes Czechoslovakia
September 18, 1931
Japan’s government conquers Manchuria. Military assassinates Japanese Prime Minister and takes control of the government.
December 1937
Japan seized control of Najing even though Chiang Kai-shek gave Japan the northern part of China to govern. “Rape of Najing” killed more than 100,000 Chinese citizens.
Rome Berlin Axis
October 1936 - alliance between Italy and Germany
Anti-Comintern Pact
Germany and Japan - November 1936
Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact
August 1939 - protect Germany from a war, promised Soviet Union half of Poland.
Neutrality Act of 1935
Made it illegal for Americans to sell weapons to any country at war
September 1, 1939
Germans invaded Poland from the west and the Soviets invaded from the east.
September 3, 1939
Britain and France declared war on Germany - start of WWII
Mein Kampf
Hitler’s autobiography that outlined his plan for Germany. He wanted to unify all Germans under 1 government, expand east into Poland and Russia, believed all Slavs should be enslaved by Germans, master race are the Aryans, blamed Jews for German defeat in WWI.
Blitzkrieg
lightning war - large numbers of tanks and airplanes to defeat opponents
Maginot line
series of bunkers and trenches in France
Battle of Dunkirk
British and French troops trapped on a beach in Belgium. Allies were able to strengthen their lines and evacuate to England.
June 22, 1940
France surrenders to Hitler because most of their country was under Axis control
Battle of Britain
Britain refused to surrender to Hitler. Battle of Britain was an air battle which took place during the summer of 1940.
Bombing of London
Britain launched an air raid on Berlin, so the Lufwaffle bombed London. Called the Blitz. Hitler ordered all air force to focus on London and not military targets.
October 12, 1940
Hitler cancels invasion of Britain
Lend-Lease Act
FDR passed an act which removed the cash restriction on the Neutrality Act. US could loan weapons to any country. US could send weapons to the British if they promised to pay/give money after war.
Japanese Embargo
To prevent Japanese from attacking British ships, FDR placed embargo on trade to Japan. Embargo cut off oil shipments, which was Japan’s main importer.
December 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor. This happened because Japan wanted to seize British and Dutch colonies in south asia and Phillippines, but they couldn’t do that without destroying US Pacific Naval Fleet. Japanese attacked the US Naval base in Hawaii.
December 11, 1941
Hitler declares war on the US in attempt to have Japan fight against the Soviets when US was defeated.
Biggest Battle of WWII - August 1942 - February 1943
Battle of Stalingrad. Germany’s first major defeat and stopped German advance east.
Seige of Leningrad
“The city would not die during WWII.” Leningrad marked the furthest in the North and served as a symbol of perseverance and hope. The siege lasted 900 days and 1600 people died everyday from cold/starvation.
The Casablanca Conference
January 1943. FDR and Churchill meet to discuss European Campain. Agreed to increase bombing of Germany and to invade Italy to force them out of the war. Bombing of Germany crippled German military.
July 10, 1943
Invasion of Itlay through Sicily. King of Italy placed Mussolini under arrest and created a new italian government.
September 8, 1943
Italy surrenders to the Allies
The Italian Campain
Bloodiest of the entire war with over 300,000 deaths. Hitler refused to allow the Allies to gain control of the Italy. He took control of northern Italy, attacked American forces, and placed Mussolini back in power. Took Americans 5 months to break German lines and force them to retreat.
Allies meet in Tehran
FDR, Churchill, and Stalin met in Tehran (Iran) in 1943 to discuss D-Day (invasion of France). They agreed that Stalin would launch an offensive at the same time, Germany would be broken after the war, Soviets would help US defeat Japan, and peace would be kept after war.
June 6, 1944
D-Day. Hitler knew an invasion would happen and he thought it would be at the beaches, not on the coast of France.
Names of the D-Day beaches
Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, Juno
The Battle of Midway
American naval forces defeated Japanese force as Japan tried to seize Midway Island, which would allow for Japan to invade Hawaii. US victory allowed the Hopping campaign.
Island Hopping Campaign
Fall of 1943, US Navy tried to get close enough to where US could bomb Japan. After each island was taken, it served as a launch pad to take the next island.
Iwo Jima - February 19, 1945
November 1944, US began to bomb Tokyo. However, their planes ran low on fuel and would miss their targets, so to gain a fueling station, the US decided to invade Iwo Jima.
Why was Iwo Jima important?
served as Japanese air base that intercepted US bombing raids on Tokyo and capturing Iwo Jima would provide the US with an easier path to future bombing on Japan
Okinawa
Last island taken in the Island Hopping Campaign. Important because It would ensure that the entire Japanese homeland was within bombing range and Okinawa would provide a base for Americans to launch an invasion of Japan (like D-Day).
