All Terms & IMGs (Exam 1)

Mastaba

Arabic for "bench," a low, flat-roofed Egyptian tomb with sides sloping down to the ground, "grave site" hidden underneath

Step Pyramid

A pyramid with sides that rise in a series of steps.

Pyramid

Huge, triangular shaped burial tombs of Egyptian pharaohs built during the Old Kingdom

Hieratic Scale

the use of different size for significant or holy figures and those of the everyday world to indicate importance; the larger the figure, the greater the importance

Papyrus

A long-lasting, paper-like material made from reeds

Naturalism

A term often used as a synonym for realism; also a view of experience that is generally characterized as bleak and pessimistic.

Relief sculpture

A sculpture that comes forward from a flat surface, as opposed to being freestanding.

Contrapposto

A style of Greek sculpture where people are depicted standing and leaning so that the person's weight is being put on one side. People are depicted with their bodies curved like an "S"

Black vs Red Figure Pottery

Black pottery = the figures are etched on from red paint background

Red pottery = The figures are painted on the black pot/background

Foreshortening

a visual effect in which an object is shortened and turned deeper into the picture plane to give the effect of receding in space

Concrete

building material made by mixing small stones and sand with limestone, clay, and water

Barrel Vault

a vault forming a half cylinder

Groin Vault

a vault formed when two barrel vaults meet at right angles

Fresco

Mural painting with water-based paint

vertistic

True to natural appearance; super-realistic.

Khafre Enthroned, Anorthosite Gneiss

Egypt
2500 BCE
Old Kingdom

New York Kouros

Athens
600 BCE
Archaic Period

Kritios Boy

Athens
480 BCE
Early Classical Period

Praxiteles, Aphrodite of Knidos

Rome
350 BCE
Late Classical Period

Exekias, Achilles and Ajax Playing Dice

Greece
540 BCE
Archaic Period

Portrait of Augustus as a general

Italy (Near Rome)
10 CE

Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara

Egypt
2650 BCE
Old Kingdom

Pyramid of Khufu at Giza

Egypt
2550 BCE
Old Kingdom

Nike of Samothrace

Greece
190 BCE
Hellenistic Period

Euthymides, 3 Revelers

Greece
510 BCE
Archaic Period

The Pantheon

Rome
118 - 125 CE

Panting from the Villa of P. Fannius Synistor

Italy
30 - 40 BCE
Fresco

The "Tivoli General"

Rome
75 - 50 BC

Tellus (Earth goddess) Panel

Ara Pacis, Rome
13 - 9 BCE

Decursio relief

Rome
161 CE

Palette of Narmer

Egypt
2950 BCE
Dynastic Period

Last Judgement of Hunefer; Papyrus Scroll

Egypt
1275 BCE
New Kingdom

Polykleitos, Spear Bearer

Rome
450 - 440 BCE
High Classical Period

Parthenon, Temple of Athena

Greece
447 - 438 BCE
High Classical Period

Temple of Portunus

Rome
100 BCE
Travertine

The "Ixion Room"

Rome
70 - 79 CE
Fresco

Portraits of the four Tetrarchs

Instanbul, Turkey
305 CE
Porphyry

St. Peter's Basilica

Rome
320 CE

Mosaic of Justinian and Archbishop Maximian

San Vitale
540 CE

Cathedral of Hagia Sophia

Instanbul
530 CE

Virgin and Child between Saints Theodore and George

St. Catherine, Egypt
600 CE

Rebecca and Eleazer at the Well

England
500 CE

Cross-inscribed carpet page

Northumbria, England
700 AD

Purse Cover from Sutton Hoo Ship Burial

England
635 CE

Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne

Germany
800 CE

Basilica

A huge marble government building in ancient Rome

Apse

A dome, usually semicircular, in the wall of a Roman basilica or at the east end of a church.

Pendentive

a construction shaped like a triangle that transitions the space between flat walls and the base of a round dome

icon

(n.) a representation or image of a sacred personage, often considered sacred itself; an image or picture; a symbol; a graphic symbol on a computer monitor display; an object of blind devotion

iconoclasm

A belief that the practice of worshiping and honoring objects such as icons was sinful.

illuminated manuscript

a handwritten book decorated with bright colors and precious metals

Dome of the Rock

Jerusalem
690 CE

Great Mosque, Cordoba

Spain
780 CE

Carpet pages of Sultan Baybars' Qur'an

Cairo
1300

Pyxis of al-Mughira

Islamic Spain
960 CE

Spherical Hanging Ornament

Iznik
1575

Mimar Sinan

Instanbul
1560

Iznik tiles

Instanbul
1575

Mosque

Islamic place of worship

Minaret

Tall tower typically part of a mosque, used for the call to prayer

Mihrab

Niche in a mosque indicating the direction of Mecca

Qur'an

Islamic holy book

Süleyman 'the Magnificent'

Ottoman Sultan who ruled from 1520-1566

Sainte-Foy Abbey Church

France
CE 1050

Reliquary Statue of Sainte-Foy

Conques
10th Century

Gold Reliquary Pendant

England
1170

Three Kings' Shrine Reliquary

Cologone Cathedral
1220

Ambulatory and Radiating Chapels

Features of Saint-Denis abbey church, 1140-45, by Abbot Suger.

Notre Dame Cathedral

Paris
1160

Jamb-Figure of St. Theodore

France
1230

Stained Glass Window from Sainte-Chapelle

Paris
1240

Reliquary

Container for relics, often ornate and made of precious materials.

Pilgrimage

Journey to a sacred place for religious reasons.

Romanesque vs. Gothic

Contrasting architectural styles in medieval Europe.

Ribbed Vaults

Vaulted ceilings with a framework of diagonal ribs.

Flying Buttress

Exterior support for Gothic cathedral walls.