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Realism
Individuals are selfish by nature. Selfishness makes genuine cooperation very difficult
Realism
States are guided by national interest that always seeks to maintain or expand their power and influence
Realism
Relations among nations are anarchic, meaning there is no force capable of regulating the actions of nations
Realism
Peace is only obtained when states for, alliances of rough equals, establishing a balance of power
zero sum game
When the gains of one nation result in equal losses for another. Realists believe that the zero-sum nature of world politics prevents cooperation among nations, realism
Security dilemma
When the attempt by one state to increase its security by an arms buildup results in the decreased security of another state, realism
Arms Race
Two or more states build up their arms to increase security, realism
Realism
Only way to prevent attacks is a strong military
Realism
Form alliances to promote a balance of power
Realism
Be suspicious of all states, even allies, and put little faith in international organizations or laws
Liberalism
emerged out of the Enlightment era (1700s)
Liberalism
Individuals are good by nature.The fundamental concern for other human beings makes progress through cooperation possible
Liberalism
Democracy is the best form of government; states with it promote peace and states without it promote conflict
Liberalism
The anarchic nature of the international system can be reduced or eradicated through the establishment of effective international organizations and international law.
Liberalism
War is not inevitable
Mutual Benefits Game
Gains may be achieved by more than one actor; the mutual benefit nature of world politics promotes cooperation among states. liberalism
Interdependece
Actions and events in one state, society or part of the world affect people everywhere; global interdependence promotes communication and understanding, resulting in a reduction of conflict, liberalism
Liberalism
Democratic Peace
Liberalism
Promote democratic institutions at home and abroad
Liberalism
Establish and support international organizations or laws
Liberalism
Help create links among peoples and nations through international trade and cooperation;
Liberalism
Reduce all arms to self-defense level
