Philosophy of Education, Qualitative Research, and Sample Questions

Flashcards related to Philosophy of Education, Realism, Pragmatism, Reconstructionism, Behaviorism, Existentialism, and Educational Philosophies Review, Qualitative Research, and different questions asked during the lecture.

Plato

Plato's student who wrote 'The Republic' and 'Laws' and founded The Academy, using a dialectical approach to problems.

City of God vs. City of Man

Augustine's division of the universe, contrasting faith in God with unreliable senses.

Esse est percipi

George Berkeley's concept that all existence depends on perception.

Nature as Causal Continuum

Kant's idea that nature is a causal continuum connected in space and time, with the mind conscious of experience.

Absolute Idea

Hegel's concept of a moving, constantly synthesizing thought process.

Cogito ergo sum

Descartes' method of methodical doubt leading to the affirmation of the mind's centrality.

Forms

Aristotle's belief that ideas (forms) can exist without matter, but matter cannot exist without form.

Inductive Method

Bacon's method of beginning with observable instances and reasoning to general statements.

No Innate Ideas

Locke's assertion that all knowledge is acquired from independent sources through sensation and reflection, rejecting innate ideas.

Unmoved Mover

Aquinas' concept of God as the Unmoved Mover.

Natural Selection

Darwin's theory that species arise naturally through the struggle for existence.

Sensible Effects

Pierce's notion that our idea of anything is our idea of its sensible effects.

Truth as Workability

James' idea that truth is not absolute but made by actual talking on ideas fits consequences.

Centrality of Experience

Dewey's emphasis on the centrality of experience and the inseparability of means and ends.

Radical Social Change

Counts' view that educators must envision the prospects for radical social change.

Convival Activity

Illich's belief that education should be a convivial activity.

Conditioned Response

Pavlov's study of conditioned responses and external causation.

Environment as Shaper

Watson's focus on the environment as the primary shaper of behavior.

Reinforcement Contingencies

Skinner's finding that behavior is reinforced by particular environmental contingencies, advocating for controlled cultural evolution.

Groundless Belief

Kierkegaard's emphasis on the lonely individual against an objectified world, advocating for abandoning reason and accepting groundless belief.

I-Thou Relationship

Buber's call for mutual respect and dignity among all humans, distinguishing between I-It and I-Thou relationships.

Existence Precedes Essence

Sartre's view that human existence is meaningless and humans must construct meaning themselves; man is condemned to be free.

Idealism

A philosophical base of perennialism that aims to educate the rational person through mastery of timeless knowledge and traditional values.

Realism

A philosophical base of essentialism that aims to educate the competent person through essential skills and subject matter.

Pragmatism

A philosophical base of progressivism that promotes democratic social living through knowledge leading to growth and development.

Pragmatism

A philosophical base of reconstructivism that aims to improve and reconstruct society through skills and subjects needed for social reform.

Classifications of Research

Exploring past events with breadth through historical research, testing answer of quantifiables with description, degree of relationship through correlation, systematic empirical inquiry lacking control w/ causal comparative.

Methods of collecting data

Direct observation, experiments, and surveys.

Sampling plans

Simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling.

Nativism Universal Frames Principles of Theories Language

Kids know how language is used; the father of modern linguistics; babies some development no matter; infants master language faster; trains are conducive for lang.

Transfer in SLA

Accent depends on your L1; L2 transfer is pervasive; fossilization stuck on your L1 lang.

Pragmatics - Gricean Maxims - Quality

You should say things appropriate for the kind of communication you're having.

Quantity

Informative but not too much of what to do.

Relevance

Logical and relevant.

Manner

Tell the truth appropriate way, logical and understandable for receiver.

Acquisition

Implicit, subconscious, informal situations.

Learning

Explicit, conscious, formal situations.

Cognitive Learning

1 Compression 2 memory 3 application.

Broca's and Wernicke's

Areas in the brain (gears and cranks of language, production; comprehension and meaning).

Strategies for Student Motivation

Active participation games, physical activity, humor

Social Leaning Theory

The central concepts are that individuals have the ability to learn through observation, mental states are fundamental of learning process and when something is learned, it does not always follow a change in behavior.

Globalization

Increasing interconnectedness of the world.

Globalization English Language Learning - David Crystal

English as lingua franca in global comm., teach English globally and dynamically, get the level of awareness of cultural Identity of Eng and intergenerational transmission.

Cultural Capital-Pierre Bourdieu

Non-financial social assets influence an individual's social mobility.

Positivism

Natural sciences, objective realities and quanti methods.

Interpretivism

Humanities and Soci. Sci; socially constructed & subjective.

Cultural Impact on Learning Styles - Factors

Family background and Socio- economic status.

Lev Vygotsky Sociocultural Theory ZPD

Social interaction fundamtental to learning and what learner can do independently.

Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Models

5 key strands that influence how students learn best: environmental, Emotional, Sociological, Physiological, Psychological.

Individual Differences

Learning Styles (Dunnne & Dunne) and Learning Strategies.

Motivation Instrument

Interested in target language/culture as personal & social enrichment.

Affective Filter Hypothesis

Anxiety lacks psychological filter blocking SLA..

Jim Cummins Theory Of Common Underlying Proficiency

Student’s language abilities in 1st language can support/transfer to other langs.

Methods for New Normal Education

Shift the learning stars and blended flexible tech integrated.

Strategies

Online collaborative platforms (Padlet, Flip) and differentiated Assessments..

English in Formal Schooling

Key to academic and professional success globally.

Communicative Approach

Real comm as learning goal.

English in Formal Schooling

Access to content, Global competitiveness and Inclusion in academic.

Bruner

skills based syllabus,grammar-based methodology functional acquisition.

Instructional Strategies for Reading - Pre-Reading

Activating schema (Anderson 1984) and KWL charts.

Durante Reading

Think alouds,Graphic organizers.

Post Reading

Summarizing ,Literature circle.