Parallelism, Conjunctions & Graphic Organizers

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on parallelism, coordinating conjunctions, idea-generation techniques, and graphic organizers.

Parallelism (Parallel Structures)

The balance in the use of words or phrases within a sentence so they have the same grammatical form.

Parallel Elements

Grammatical forms that match in a series—noun-noun, verb-verb, adjective-adjective, adverb-adverb, gerund-gerund, infinitive-infinitive.

Conjunction

A part of speech that connects words, phrases, or clauses within sentences.

Coordinating Conjunction

A conjunction that links words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal grammatical rank (e.g., FANBOYS).

FANBOYS

Acronym for the seven coordinating conjunctions: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.

For (conjunction)

Used to explain a reason or purpose. Example: “I went to the mall, for I needed materials.”

And (conjunction)

Adds one idea to another. Example: “He deposited money, and he paid bills.”

Nor (conjunction)

Introduces an additional negative alternative. Example: “I was not there, nor did I finish my assignment.”

But (conjunction)

Shows contrast between ideas. Example: “I have a new bag, but I prefer my old one.”

Or (conjunction)

Presents an alternative, preference, or choice. Example: “Buy a bag or a belt?”

Yet (conjunction)

Introduces a contrasting idea that logically follows. Example: “She had fun, yet she left early.”

So (conjunction)

Indicates effect, result, or consequence. Example: “She partied, so her father picked her up late.”

Free Writing

Generating ideas by writing continuously whatever comes to mind without stopping.

Brainstorm

Producing potential ideas by quickly listing or writing them down about a topic.

Listing

Idea-generation technique that involves enumerating all possibilities related to a topic.

Clustering

Choosing a central word/idea and visually mapping related ideas around it.

Graphic Organizers

Visual tools that help writers separate essential from non-essential information.

Concept Map

Graphic organizer that links two or more concepts to show their relationships using connecting words.

Flow Diagram (Sequence Chart)

Graphic organizer that presents a series of steps or events in the order they occur.

Venn Diagram

Graphic organizer with overlapping circles used to display similarities and differences between concepts.

Pie Chart

Circular graph divided into slices that represent numerical proportions.

Graph

Collection of points or lines representing connections or interactions between data values.

Table

Systematic arrangement of data in rows and columns for easy identification and comparison.

this graphic organizers is a circular graph divided into slices or sections to show numeric proportions.

Pie chart

collection of points that represents connections or interactions between.

Graph

an arrangement of data usually rose in columns. The systematic order arrangement makes it easier to identify or locate data or information.

Table