Rad 100 Midterm Study Guide

Acronym

Terms formed from the first letter in a phrase

Eponyms

Terms derived from a person or place

Physiological Needs

Air, water, food, shelter, sleep, clothing, reproduction

Safety Needs

Personal security, employment, resources, health, property

Love & Belonging

Friendship, intimacy, family, sense of connection

Esteem

Respect, self-esteem, status, recognition, strength, freedom

Self-actualization

Desire to become the most one can be

Objectivity

The ability to interpret a situation from an unbiased point of view

¼ word part: Word Root

The word part that is the core of the word & contained the fundamental meaning of the word

2/4 word part: Suffix

A word part attached to the end of the word root to modify its meaning

¾ word part: Prefix

A word part attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its meaning (most med terms do not have a ___)

4/4 word art: Combining Vowel

Usually an “O”Used between two word roots 

• Used between a word root and a suffix to ease pronunciation 

• Not used between a prefix and a word root

Critical Thinking

Thinking logically and wisely

Easiest type of conflict to resolve

Factual

Physiologic Needs

Nutrition, sleep, recreation & exercise

Suffix -itis means

Inflammation of an organ

Suffix -ic means

Pertaining to

ARRT stands for

American Registry of Radiologic Technologists

What does the ARRT do

Certifying agency for radiologic technologist

ASRT stands for

American Society of Radiologic Technologist

What does the ASRT do

Develop and approve curriculum for use

What does the JRCERT stand for

Joint Review Commission on Education in Radiologic Technology

What does the JRCERT do

Approves and accredits programs

Is UNLV approved by the JRCERT

Yes

What does MRI stand for

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

What technology does MRI use

Magnets

Oncology definition

The study of tumors

The basic unit of all living things

Cells

• contains a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, chromosomes, genes, DNA

A group of similar cells that perform a specific function

Tissue

• muscle tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue, epithelial tissue

Two or more types of tissue that together perform special body functions

Organs

• skin, liver, kidney, heart etc.

Musculoskeletal system

Body system that includes the muscles, bones & joints

Suffix -logy

The study of

Salaries

The single highest cost in healthcare

Do men & women have the same life expectancy

No, women live longer

Mortality

How many people die from something (death rate)

Morbidity

The occurrence of diseases or conditions

Epidemic

A widespread infectious disease within a geographic area

Pandemic

An infectious disease of global proportion

Technology in hospital not here 10 years ago

Approx. 85%

Anatomic position

The patient stands erect with the face and eyes directed forward, arms extended by the sides with the palms of the hands facing forward, heels together, and toes facing anteriorly 

Sagittal plane

Left, right

Midsagittal

Dead center

Coronal plane

Anterior portions (front) & posterior (back)

Transverse plane

Superior (up) & inferior (down)

Anterior means

Front

Posterior means

Back (view of the body)

Slightly radioactive food

Bananas

Types of radiation

• Gamma ray

• X-ray

• Ultraviolet 

• Infrared

• Microwave 

• Radio

• Ionizing

What year were x-rays discovered

1895

Who discovered x-rays

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

Who invented fluoroscopy

Thomas Edison

Radiography

• The process or occupation of taking radiographs to assist in medical examinations 

Radiographer

Healthcare professionals who specialize in the imaging of human anatomy for the diagnosis & treatment of pathology

Radiograph

• X-ray image as viewed on a monitor after acquisition (used to be film)

Radiologist

• Medical doctor that specializes in diagnosing & treating injuries & diseases using medical imaging

Are x-rays man-made

Yes

Tachycardia means

Fast, rapid 100+ bpm

Bradycardia means

Slow, less than 60 bpm

What gas is expelled during exhalation

Carbon dioxide

What age groups is most sensitive to radiation

Infants

Does age and culture influence how a patient interprets your words and actions. 

Yes

Handwashing

the easiest and most convenient method to prevent the spread of diseases

Optimal patient care

• Providing radiation safety 

• Preventing spread of disease 

• Providing economic and timely service

Not optimal patient care

Does not mean maintaining loyalty to the hospital or institution

Infection acquired in the hospital

Nosocomial infection

Parts of the unitary system

• Kidneys

• Ureters

• Bladder

• Urethra

Difference between male and females: urinary system

• Urethra

  • Female: 1.5 inches long, lies anterior to the vagina

  • Male: 8 inches long, extends downward through the prostate gland

Traits of effective listening

• Affirming words 

• Headshaking 

• Body language 

Combining form nephr/o means

Kidney

Fetus

unborn offspring from the beginning of the ninth week or pregnancy until birth

Gestation Period

duration of pregnany, normally 38 to 42 weeks, which is divided into three equal periods called trimesters.

Placenta

structure that grows on the wall of the uterus during pregnancy and allows for nourishment of the fetus

Obstetrics

is the branch of medicine that deals with childbirth and the care of the mother before, during, and after birth

Neonatology

is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the newborn

ALARA stands for

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Mammography

is an x-ray imaging method used to examine the breast for the early detection of cancer and other breast diseases

Mammogram

is a radiographic study of the breast

External Preparation

requires removing clothing and jewelry that may be covering the area of the body through which the x-rays must pass

Internal preparation

some procedures require a patient to perform measures that will help visualize the affected body parts/area

3 general types of contrast media

Barium, Iodine, Air

Angiogram

study that visualizes the arteries of a particular body region

Angioplasty

a procedure to restore blood flow through the
artery. The doctor threads a thin tube through a blood vessel in
the arm or groin up to the involved site in the artery. The tube
has a tiny balloon on the end. When the tube is in place, the
doctor inflates the balloon to push the plaque outward against
the wall of the artery. This widens the artery and restores blood
flow.

cervic/o, trachel/o means

cervix

vagin/o means

vagina

endometri/o means

endometrium

gynec/o, gyn/o means

woman

hyster/o means

uterus

mamm/o, mast/o

breast

Dosimetry

the field of radiation monitoring