Support for the Chinese Communist Party up to 1945

What was the Long March?

A strategic retreat by the Red Army covering 6000 miles to evade KMT forces, resulting in a 90% loss of their force.

What was the significance of the Xi'an incident during the Long March?

It provided time for the Red Army to rebuild after their strategic retreat.

How did Mao Zedong use propaganda during the Long March?

He emphasized the heroism of the marchers and portrayed them as martyrs for Chinese nationalism.

What were the 'Eight Points for Attention' established by Mao?

Guidelines for marchers to support peasants, including being polite, honest, and not damaging crops.

What was the impact of the 'Eight Points for Attention' on the CCP's support?

It gained massive support from peasants by contrasting the CCP's approach with others.

How did Mao consolidate power after the Long March?

He emerged as the undisputed leader of the Red Army despite rival factions within the CCP.

Who were the '28 Bolsheviks' and what did they support?

A faction within the CCP led by Wang Ming, advocating for a working-class revolution.

What was Mao's vision for China regarding revolution?

He emphasized a peasant-led revolution, contrasting with the Russian focus on the proletariat.

What were Mao's two main goals after the Long March?

To gain the CCP's support from peasants and establish himself as the undisputed leader of the CCP.

What was the Yan'an Soviet?

The headquarters of the CCP from 1936 to 1948, serving as a model for communist governance.

What policies were established in the Yan'an Soviet?

Land reform, healthcare, and education aimed at improving the peasant class.

What was the purpose of land reform in the Yan'an Soviet?

To confiscate land from landlords and redistribute it to poorer peasants.

How did the Yan'an Soviet improve healthcare and education?

By providing medical assistance, traditional remedies, and literacy programs.

What was the impact of the Yan'an Soviet policies on peasants?

They improved living conditions and increased loyalty to the CCP.

Who was Edgar Snow and what was his contribution to the CCP's image?

An American journalist who praised the CCP's accomplishments in his book 'Red Star over China'.

What was the Dixie Mission and its significance?

A mission sent by President Roosevelt to evaluate CCP achievements, returning with positive reports.

What were some negative aspects of the Yan'an Soviet?

Schools functioned as propaganda tools, and land redistribution was often violent.

What was Mao's 'New Democracy' and its main points?

A political vision advocating for a peasant revolution and establishing a 'democratic dictatorship' under one-party rule.

What was the Rectification Movement?

A campaign aimed at consolidating Mao's power and eliminating dissent within the CCP.

What methods were used during the Rectification Movement?

Purge of individualism through ideological training and terror campaigns against dissenters.

What were the consequences of the Rectification Movement?

An estimated 10,000 deaths and the removal of opposition, securing Mao's leadership.

How did the war with Japan impact the CCP's influence?

It allowed the CCP to spread its influence in rural areas and gain support by highlighting KMT failures.

What was the effect of the Second Sino-Japanese War on the CCP?

It enabled the CCP to unite with the KMT against Japan, while the KMT's inability to combat Japan weakened their support.

What were the atrocities committed by Japanese forces during their invasion?

Massacres, widespread sexual violence, and a scorched earth policy leading to millions of homeless and famine.

How did Chiang Kai-Shek's failures contribute to the KMT's unpopularity?

His ineffective reforms, abandonment of democracy, and reliance on military control led to declining support.

What was the impact of the Purification Movement on the KMT's support?

It led to the removal of communist members and declining support among the common people.

What was the KMT's approach to governance compared to the CCP?

The KMT relied on military control and censorship, while the CCP utilized propaganda to gain support.

What was the outcome of the Chinese Communist Revolution?

Mao became the leader of Communist China after the Second Chinese Civil War between Nationalists and Communists.