Current Trends in Public Health and Universal Health Care Flashcards

A complete set of vocabulary flashcards covering health outcomes, socio-demographic trends, Universal Health Care (UHC) legislation, and current DOH initiatives in the Philippines.

Morbidity

Refers to the state of being diseased or unhealthy within a population; the leading cause in the Philippines is Acute Respiratory Infection.

Mortality

Refers to the number of deaths in a population; the leading cause in the Philippines is Ischaemic Heart Diseases ($120–125$).

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

The average number of children born to Filipino women aged $15–49$ years, which fell from $2.7$ children per woman in $2017$ to $1.9$ in $2022$.

Senior Citizen Population Trend

In the Philippines, seniors currently account for $8.5 \%$ of the total population, and are projected to reach $14 \%$ by the year $2035$.

Telemedicine

A digital health tool utilized as part of the technological trend to improve the delivery of health care services, particularly during the COVID-$19$ pandemic.

Republic Act No. 11223

Commonly known as the Universal Health Care Act, signed on February $20$, $2019$, aiming to ensure equitable access to quality and affordable healthcare for all Filipinos.

Direct Contributory Members

PhilHealth members with the capacity to pay premiums, including employees, kasambahays, self-earning individuals, professionals, and Overseas Filipino Workers.

Indirect Contributory Members

PhilHealth members whose premiums are subsidized, including indigents identified by the DSWD, senior citizens, and persons with disability.

Konsultasyong Sulit at Tama (KONSULTA)

A primary care benefit package of PhilHealth that provides free check-ups and laboratory tests to members.

Health Technology Assessment (HTA)

An evidence-based mechanism institutionalized under the UHC Act used specifically to evaluate medical products to inform decision-making.

Health Impact Assessment (HIA)

An evidence-based mechanism institutionalized under the UHC Act used specifically to evaluate health programs.

Republic Act No. 11346

The Sin Tax Law which mandates that $50 \%$ of excise tax collections on sin and soda products be earmarked for health services ($80 \%$ to PhilHealth and $20 \%$ to DOH).

Republic Act No. 11467

The Higher Sin Tax Law which increased excise taxes on alcohol and electronic cigarettes while exempting certain prescription drugs for chronic illnesses from VAT.

8-Point Action Agenda

The DOH policy framework categorized into Bawat Pilipino, Bawat Komunidad, and Bawat Health Worker at Institusyon to achieve better health outcomes.

Hub and Spoke Model

A coordination model where the Department of Health (DOH) acts as the hub, facilitating actions that address various health-related concerns or 'spokes.'

Yaman ng Kalusugan Program (YAKAP)

An expanded PhilHealth primary care program that provides free check-ups, laboratories, and up to $\text{P}20,000$ worth of medicines per year.

PuroKalusugan

A community-centered DOH initiative that uses the 'purok' as the entry point for health promotion, disease prevention, and PhilHealth registration.

Super Health Center

A medium-type polyclinic designed to decongest hospitals by providing primary care, birthing, laboratory, X-ray, dental, and pharmacy services.

Basic Accommodation

Refers to ward accommodations with shared rooms and bathrooms ($5–10$ beds) which have zero co-payments in government hospitals under the UHC Act.

Hospital Bed Ratios

The mandated ratio of basic to non-basic accommodation beds, set at $90:10$ for government hospitals and $10:90$ for private hospitals.