Maritime Navigation, Stability, Regulations, and Publications Flashcards

Flashcards covering maritime navigation, ECDIS, ship stability, free surface effects, COSWP safety protocols, MARPOL discharge regulations, and Admiralty publications.

WGS 84

The standard global geodetic datum used on official Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs).

Electronic Chart System (ECS)

A digital chart system that does not meet all International Maritime Organization (IMO) requirements for ECDIS and cannot be used to satisfy SOLAS requirements to carry a navigational chart on a paperless bridge.

CATZOC (Zone of Confidence)

An indicator on Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) specifying the accuracy level and data position confidence of hydrographic survey data.

Longitudinal Subdivision Effect on FSE

Subdividing a liquid tank longitudinally reduces the Free Surface Effect (FSE) by a factor of $\frac{1}{n^2}$, where $n$ represents the number of equal compartments created.

Security Level 1

The security level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained at all times, corresponding to normal operational risk.

Security Level 2

The security level for which appropriate additional protective security measures shall be maintained for a period of time as a result of a heightened risk of a security incident.

Security Level 3

The security level for which further specific protective security measures shall be maintained for a limited period of time when a security incident is probable or imminent.

Dangerous Space

Any enclosed or confined space in which it is foreseeable that the atmosphere may at some stage contain toxic or flammable gases or vapours, or be deficient in oxygen, endangering human life or health.

Permit to Work

A formal written system and predefined safety procedure confirming that specific control measures and safeguards are in place before a high-risk operation begins, valid for a maximum period of $24\,\text{hours}$.

Competent Person

A person possessing sufficient training, experience, knowledge, and other qualities that allow them to carry out required work safely and effectively.

Free Surface Effect (FSE)

The virtual loss of metacentric height ($GM$) and reduction in righting lever ($GZ$) caused by the movement of liquid across a partially filled tank when a vessel heels.

Free Surface Moment (FSM)

The moment created by fluid movement in a slack tank, calculated as $\text{FSM} = \frac{l \times b^3}{12} \times \rho$. It depends on tank length, breadth cubed, and liquid density, but is independent of the liquid depth in the tank.

Neutral Equilibrium

A stability state where the center of gravity ($G$) coincides with the transverse metacenter ($M$), resulting in a metacentric height ($GM$) of $0\,\text{m}$, a righting lever ($GZ$) of $0\,\text{m}$, and zero moment of statical stability.

Spring Tide

Tides with maximum range, highest high tides, and lowest low tides, occurring at fortnightly intervals when the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun combine during Full Moon (Opposition) and New Moon (Conjunction).

Neap Tide

Tides with minimum range, lowest high tides, and highest low tides, occurring at fortnightly intervals during 1st and 3rd/Last Quarter moon phases when the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun act perpendicularly in a ratio of 7:3.

Ocean Passages for the World (NP136)

An Admiralty publication used for planning deep-sea ocean voyages between principal ports worldwide, consisting of Volume 1 (Atlantic Ocean) and Volume 2 (Indian and Pacific Oceans).

The Mariner's Handbook (NP100)

An Admiralty publication providing guidance on seamanship, navigation, meteorology, sea and ice conditions, tides, currents, chart usage, and maritime regulations.

Admiralty Weekly Notices to Mariners

Weekly publications containing information enabling mariners to keep standard nautical charts and hydrographic publications up to date with the latest reports.

Cumulative List of ADMIRALTY Notices to Mariners (NP234 A/B)

An annual publication acting as an audit trail for specific charts by listing outstanding corrections; Part A is published in January (notices for the past 2 years) and Part B in July (notices for the past 2.5 years).

Admiralty Sailing Directions (Pilots)

A 76-volume publication series providing detailed coastal navigation guidance, port facilities, pilotage, anchorages, and local conditions, updated via supplements at 2-year (R2), 3-year (R3), or 5-year (R5) intervals.

Admiralty List of Radio Signals (ALRS)

A comprehensive 6-volume series providing detailed information on maritime radio communications, GMDSS, radio aids to navigation, weather services, and port operations.

Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals

A publication series detailing lighthouses, lighted navigation aids, unlighted buoys, radio beacons, day beacons, racons, and luminous/geographical range diagrams.

MARPOL Annex I Bilge Discharge Criteria

Mandatory criteria for discharging machinery space bilges at sea, requiring the vessel to be en route, operating an oil filtering system with an automatic stopping device, and producing effluent with an oil content not exceeding $15\,\text{ppm}$.

MARPOL Annex V Garbage Discharge Rules

Regulations governing shipboard garbage, mandating a total prohibition on the discharge of plastics everywhere and restricting food waste discharge to distances of $\ge 3\,\text{nm}$ (comminuted/ground outside special areas) or $\ge 12\,\text{nm}$ from nearest land.

Emission Control Area (ECA)

Designated sea areas under MARPOL Annex VI requiring special mandatory control of ship emissions including $\text{SO}_x$, $\text{NO}_x$, and particulate matter (PM).

Longitudinal Centre of Flotation (LCF)

The geometric center of a vessel's waterplane area at a given draught, serving as the tipping point about which the vessel trims.

Moment to Change Trim One Centimetre (MCTC)

The moment in tonne-metres ($\text{t}\,\text{m}$) required to change a vessel's total trim by $1\,\text{cm}$, calculated using $\text{Trim} = \frac{\Delta \times (\text{LCB} \sim \text{LCG})}{\text{MCTC}}$.

Crane Heavy Lift Dynamics

When lifting a heavy load with a ship's crane, the center of gravity of the load is immediately considered transferred to the crane derrick head, causing a rise in the ship's center of gravity ($G$) and a reduction in metacentric height ($GM$).

Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS)

A routeing measure aimed at separating opposing streams of vessel traffic through designated traffic lanes, separation zones or lines, and precautionary areas.

International Code of Signals (INTERCO)

A standardized system utilizing flags, lights, and radio signals to convey critical messages between vessels, shore stations, and aircraft, particularly when language barriers exist.

IAMSAR Manual Volume III

The 'Mobile Facilities' volume of the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue manual, required hard-copy reading aboard rescue units, aircraft, and vessels to assist in search, rescue, or on-scene coordinator duties.