community psych midterm 3

what kinds of professionals do professionally-led interventions bring in?

professionals brought in

• may be therapists, doctors, contractors, nutritionists, etc

• they plan/implement interventions

  • ex: psychologists teaching social skills to teens

what do grassroot interventions have less of?

less preconcieved/predesigned interventions

• original ideas from collab with neighbors varied perspectives

define evidence-based

an approach to intervention based on research that systematically demonstrates to it effectiveness

what are the 3 steps to improving effectiveness of interventions?

1.) planning

• usage of theory to guide action plan

  • may include motified activities form previous programs

  • only theory until they are successfully implemented

2.) action

• implementation of planned intervention

3.) fast finding

• using research to evaluate effectiveness

how can bringing awareness to local issues help a community be ready for change?

critical to consider community dynamics

• helps shape intervention fit

aided by bringing awareness to local issues

• more info provided, more likely to be receptive

aided by right level of intensity, continuity, and dose

define dose and what are examples?

refers to how much of the intervention do they deliver

• ex: # of sessions, # of hours, time of application of the program, etc

how did prevention change in the 1960’s?

shift from focus of treatment to prevntion of social issues

• influenced by civil rights movement

• focus on mental health issue prevention

• saw treatment no eradicating poverty, mental illness, homelessness, etc

what is currently used to implement prevention programs?

usage of logic models for implementing prevention programs/researching promotion

• logic models

  • the research whose results fall strictly on observable and verifiable evidence. it can be based on quantitative or qualitative methods 

define interdisciplinary

scientists from multiple disciplines work together to try to understand complex social and community problems

what type of prevention helps stop the progression of established issues?

secondary prevention

• early intervention that decreases the prevalence

  • helps stop progression of established issues

  • as effective as direct, individual aid

  • more effective than reactive intervention

define universal prevention

correlates of primary prevention; targets all the people in a given population

• may look like school-based programs

where does selective prevention put its focus?

focus on those most susceptible/at risk to issue

define promotion

empowering individuals to increase control of their health through literacy and programming

what are the limitations for promotion?

• includes lack of resources available

• limit of focus to empowerment

• adds to interventions in place

• does not create third-order change

what are the causes for crime?

• poverty, drug addiction, issues with public policy, familial trauma

  • child maltreatment, abuse, neglect

• issues in communites

  • disorganized, unstable, decaying

• exposure to crime

why do most people with mental illness use drugs/alcohol?

often used to cope with the pain of mental illness

what are the ways that community psychologists can help the problem of excessive use of force by police?

may aid in reform effortss

define racial profiling

the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for suspecting someone of having committed an offence

what does radical profiling undermine?

undermines honest, truth, positive enforcement efforts

• wastes resources

what percentage of murders occurred while under the influence of drugs/alcohol? violent crimes and robberies?

50% murders

what are the names of the 3 solutions community psychologists can use to help problems within the criminal justice?

improvement on training

• revamp training, inclusion of multicultural sensitization/de-escalation

improve supervision

• both internal/external oversight for authorities - local, state, federal

prosecute and punish

• implement “no tolerance” policies for racist behaviors 

define mediation

a process wherein the parties meet with a mutually selected impartial and neutral person who assists them in the negotiation of their differences

what percentage of mental health calls account for fatalities involving law enforcement?

how many hours of training are devoted to mental illness in police academies?

what is the name of unit of officers trained in mental health in the san antonio police department?

what percentage of adults with schizophrenia do not recieve treatment? bipolar disorder?