History Chapter 15 Guided Reading and Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering key historical terms, figures, and concepts from the Chapter 15 Guided Reading worksheet and review test.

Joint-Stock Company

A company in which investors pooled their money to fund a project and share the profits and losses.

Movable-Type Printing

A printing system using movable components to reproduce elements of a document, which greatly expanded literacy and book production.

Renaissance

A period of major cultural, artistic, and intellectual rebirth in Europe following the Middle Ages.

Lost Colony

The early English settlement on Roanoke Island that mysteriously disappeared.

Combined Kingdom

A political entity formed by the unification of separate realms or territories under a single monarch.

Martin Luther

A German monk and central figure of the Protestant Reformation who authored the 95 Theses.

95 Theses

A document written by Martin Luther challenging Catholic Church practices, specifically the sale of indulgences.

Indulgences

Grants or certificates sold by the Catholic Church that claimed to reduce punishment for sins.

Francisco Pizarro

The Spanish conquistador who led the expedition that conquered the Inca Empire.

Triangular Trade

A transatlantic trade network operating between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

Mercantilism

An economic system based on building national power by acquiring wealth, gold, and silver through a favorable balance of trade.

Middle Passage

The horrific middle leg of the Triangular Trade route across the Atlantic Ocean that forcibly transported enslaved Africans to the Americas.

Columbian Exchange

The global transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres following Columbus's voyages.

Market Economy

An economic system driven by supply and demand with private ownership of goods and services.