Module 4 Work and Energy

Work

Force applied through a distance

Machine

A device that changes the force or increases the motion from work

Simple Machine

A machine that does work with only one movement of the machine

Compound Machine

A combination of two or more simple machines

Efficiency

The ratio of output work to input work

Mechanical Efficiency

The ratio of output force to input force

Energy

The ability to cause change

System

Anything around which you can imagine a boundary

Kinetic Energy

Energy due to motion

Potential Energy

Energy that is stored due to the interactions between objects

Elastic Potential Energy

Energy that is stored by compressing, stretching, or bending an object

Gravitational Potential Energy

Energy that is due to the gravitational forces between objects

Law of Conservation of Energy

Law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed. Energy can only be converted from one form to another or transferred from one place to another.

Mechanical Energy

The sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy of the objects in a system

Power

The rate at which energy is converted

Work Equation

work = applied force x distance

Efficiency Equation

efficiency = (output work/input work) x 100

Mechanical Advantage Equation

mechanical advantage = output force / input force

Kinetic Energy Equation

1/2 x mass x velocity squared

Gravitational Potential Energy Equation

GPE = mass x gravity x height

Projectile Motion

when an object moves in a curved path

Power Equation

power = energy / time