3 phases of pregnancy

pregnancy

267 days or 38 weeks but may vary about 2 weeks in either direction

37-42 weeks

normal week range of pregnancy

less than 37 weeks

premature

more than 42 weeks

post-term

fundus

• top of uterus to pubic symphysis

• palpable between 12-14 weeks

• 20 cm at the 20th week

• rises 1cm per week until 36 weeks

term

age of gestation

fetal heart rate

• indicator of fetal well-being

• can be heard below umbilicus on mother’s left side in LOA (Left occiput anterior)

• heard via doppler at about 12 weeks; stethoscope at 18-20 weeks

fetal tachycardia

• above 160bpm

• early sign of fetal hypoxia

fetal bradycardia

• below 110bpm

• late sign of fetal hypoxia

Morning sickness, amenorrhea, changes in breast, fatigue, lassitude, urinary frequency, quickening

presumptive (MACFLUQ)

morning sickness

often begins 1 month after being pregnant

don’t offer sweets or carbonated drinks - mother will salivate

couvade syndrome (sympathetic pregnancy)

• “lihi”

• nausea, sleepiness

fatigue

early symptom of pregnancy

lassitude

more on being lethargic

quickening

• fetal movements (light tapping, “butterfly in the stomach”)

• means “living”

• 18th-20th week

30 ml/hr

normal urine output (adult)

10 or more within 2 hrs

normal fetal movements

chadwick’s sign, hegar skin, uterine enlargement, positive pregnancy test, ballottement, outlining of fetal body, goodells sign, souffle, contraction, braxton hicks

probable (CHUPBOGS)

chadwick’s sign

bluish discoloration of vaginal wall 4th week of pregnancy

hegar skin

softening of lower uterine segment (6th-8th week of pregnancy)

uterine enlargement

• (12th week) felt above symphysis pubis

• weight: from 50m to 1000g

• width and length enlarges 5 times its normal size

positive pregnancy test

HCG test (1st 2 weeks of pregnancy)

ballottement

sinking and rebound of fetus

outlining of fetal body

by leopold’s maneuver

goodell’s sign

softening of the cervix

souffle, contraction, and braxton hicks

painless contraction at 28 weeks - cause of crushing of maternal blood in the placenta

striae gravidarum

• stretch marks that appear on the tummy and/or buttocks

• are also sometimes present in patients with sudden weight gain or loss

• put on sunflower oil, rose hip

linea nigra

dark-colored line that appears on the tummy in the midline, around and about the belly button

chloasma

• bronze-brown discoloration that appears on the face of a pregnant woman especially those with dark-colored hair

• “mask of pregnancy”

• fetal heartbeat

• fetal movement

• fetal skeleton

Positive/ definitive (F:HMS)

fetal heartbeat

12 weeks by doppler; begins beating by 24th day of conception

fetal movement

felt by examiner at 20 weeks

fetal skeleton

via sonography or x-ray (x-ray should be contraindicated during the first trimester)

• presumptive

• probable

• positive/definitive

3 phases of pregnancy