AP exam 2 Diagram

A

Right lung

B

Carina(V-shaped)

C

Trachea

D

Larynx

E

Nostril

F

Nasal Cavity

G

Oral Cavity

H

Pharynx

I

Main (Primary) Bronchus

J

Diaphram

A

Epithelium

B

Goblet Cells

C

Ciliated Cells

D

Glands

F

Smooth Muscle

E

Hyaline Cartilage

G

Elastic Fibers

G

Hyalin Cartilage

F

Seromucous gland in submucosa

B

Mucosa

E

Submucosa

D

Lamina Propria

C

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

A

Goblet cell

E

Alveolar Sac

A

Alveolar Duct

C

Alveoli

D

Respiratory Bronchioles

B

Terminal Bronchiole

C

Tidal Volume

H

Total Lung Capacity

D

Inspiratory reserve volume

B

Expiratory reserve volume

G

Vital Capacity

A

Residual volume

E

Inspiratory capacity

F

Functional residual capacity

A

Hyperventilating

B

Breathing at rest

C

Singing

D

Beginning of a run

E

p.h. 7.2

A

P02(mmhg)

C

ph 7.6

B

Percent O2 Satuartion of Hemoglobin

D

ph 7.4

C

Inhibitory

B

Stimulatory

A

Inhibitory or stimulatory

G

Receptors acting through the hypothalamus

I

Central (cerebral spinal fluid) chemoreceptors (high CO₂ > low pH):

K

Cerebal Cortex Control

F

Respiratory centers in medulla and pons

J

Receptors in muscle or joints (involved in hyperpnea

E

Stretch receptors in lungs

H

Peripheral chemoreceptors (low O₂, high CO₂ > low pH)

D

Irritant receptors

I

Renal Cortex

B

Renal Medulla

E

Major Calyx

A

Papilla(tip) of pyramid

D

Renal Pelvis

J

Ureter

H

Renal Column of bertin

C

Renal Hilum

I

Interstitial fluid is isotonic/iso-osmotic with blood

A

Interstitial fluid is hypertonic/hyper-osmotic with blood

E or D or J

Line with transitional epithelium

J

Connets directly to bladder

I

Contains mostly proximal convoluted tubules and renal corpuscles

B

Contains mostly straight tubules:

H

Separates the human kidney lobules (pyramids) and also contains renal corpuscles

E

Renal Corpuscle

F

Glomerular (Bowman’s Capsule)

A

Glomerulus

D

Proximal Convoluted tubule

C

Thick(Ascending)Segment

G

Think descending segment

M

Loop of Henle(Nephron Loop)

H

Descending limb

K

Ascending limk

J

Distal convoluted tubule

L

Collecting duct

I

Arcuate artery

B

Radiate artery

B

Efferent arteriole

F

Afferent arteriole

M

Granular cells

N

Extraglomerular mesangial cells

L

Macula densa

I

Juxataglomerular complex

H

Renal Corpuscle

E

Glomerular Mesangial cells

K

Endothelial cell of glomerular capillary

A

Proximal convoluted tubule cell

C

Podocyte cell body (visceral layer of capsule)

J

Capsular(urinary) space

D

Parietal layer of glomerular capsule

E

Reabsorption of 65% of filtrate (water, Na⁺, HCO₃^-, and nutrients):

I

Secretion of H+ and Nh4+ and some drugs