UNIT 3 - AGRICULTURE

Aqueduct (n) /ˈæk.wə.dʌkt/ (The Romans built aqueducts to supply water to cities)

🔸a structure for carrying water over long distances → cầu dẫn nước

Dam (n) /dæm/ (The dam provides electricity for the entire region)

🔸a barrier built to hold back water → đập nước

Irrigation (n) /ˌɪr.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ (Irrigation is necessary for farming in arid areas)

🔸the supply of water to land or crops → sự tưới tiêu

Reservoir (n) /ˈrez.ɚ.vwɑːr/ (The town gets its water from a nearby reservoir)

🔸a natural or artificial lake used for storing water → hồ chứa nước

Infrastructure (n) /ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃɚ/ (The government invested in rural infrastructure)

🔸the basic systems and services a country uses → cơ sở hạ tầng

Preservation (n) /ˌprez.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/ (Preservation of forests is crucial for biodiversity)

🔸the act of keeping something in its original state → sự bảo tồn

Fertiliser (n) /ˈfɝː.t̬əl.aɪ.zɚ/ (Farmers use organic fertiliser for crops)

🔸a substance added to soil to help plants grow → phân bón

Pesticide (n) /ˈpes.tə.saɪd/ (Pesticides protect crops from insects)

🔸a chemical used to kill pests → thuốc trừ sâu

Livestock (n) /ˈlaɪv.stɑːk/ (The farmer raises livestock such as cows and sheep)

🔸farm animals kept for use or profit → gia súc

Genetic Engineering (n) /dʒəˌnet̬.ɪk ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪr.ɪŋ/ (Genetic engineering can improve crop resistance)

🔸the science of changing genes → công nghệ di truyền

Intensive Farming (n) /ɪnˌten.sɪv ˈfɑːr.mɪŋ/ (Intensive farming increases food production)

🔸a method that uses large amounts of labor or money → nông nghiệp thâm canh

Yield (n) /jiːld/ (This farm has a high wheat yield)

🔸the amount of crops or profit produced → sản lượng

Produce (n) /ˈprɑː.duːs/ (The market sells fresh farm produce)

🔸food or other things grown on a farm → nông sản

Arable (a) /ˈer.ə.bəl/ (The area has a lot of arable land)

🔸suitable for growing crops → có thể trồng trọt được

Organic (a) /ɔːrˈɡæn.ɪk/ (She buys only organic vegetables)

🔸grown without chemicals → hữu cơ

Agricultural Practice (n) /ˌæɡ.rəˈkʌl.tʃɚ.əl ˈpræk.tɪs/ (New agricultural practices improve productivity)

🔸methods of farming → tập quán canh tác

Fertile (a) /ˈfɝː.t̬əl/ (The Nile delta is very fertile)

🔸able to produce good crops → màu mỡ

Erode (v) /ɪˈroʊd/ (The riverbank was eroded by the flood)

🔸to gradually wear away → xói mòn

Pest (n) /pest/ (Crops were destroyed by pests)

🔸an insect or small animal harmful to plants → sâu hại

Crop (n) /krɑːp/ (Corn is an important crop in the US)

🔸a plant grown in large amounts → cây trồng

Insecticide (n) /ɪnˈsek.tə.saɪd/ (Insecticides are used to kill mosquitoes)

🔸a chemical for killing insects → thuốc trừ côn trùng

Breed (n) /briːd/ (This breed of sheep is known for its wool)

🔸a type of animal → giống (động vật)

Havoc (v) /ˈhæv.ək/ (Locusts wreaked havoc on the crops)

🔸to cause great destruction → tàn phá

Proliferation (n) /prəˌlɪf.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ (There is a proliferation of genetically modified crops)

🔸a rapid increase in number → sự sinh sôi

Disperse (v) /dɪˈspɝːs/ (The seeds were dispersed by the wind)

🔸to spread across a wide area → gieo rắc

Parasite (n) /ˈper.ə.saɪt/ (The parasite lives inside the host)

🔸an organism that lives off another → ký sinh trùng

Weevil (n) /ˈwiː.vəl/ (Weevils damaged the stored grain)

🔸a small beetle harmful to crops → mọt

Weed (n) /wiːd/ (The farmer removed weeds from the field)

🔸an unwanted plant → cỏ dại

Harvest (n) /ˈhɑːr.vɪst/ (The rice harvest begins in September)

🔸the time of gathering crops → vụ mùa

Food Security (n) /ˌfuːd sɪˈkjʊr.ə.t̬i/ (Food security is a global concern)

🔸the state of having reliable access to sufficient food → an ninh lương thực

Crop Varieties (n) /krɑːp vəˈraɪ.ə.t̬iz/ (Farmers grow different crop varieties to avoid disease)

🔸different types of crops → các giống cây trồng

Peasant (n) /ˈpez.ənt/ (Most peasants lived by farming)

🔸a poor farmer → nông dân

Seasonal (a) /ˈsiː.zən.əl/ (Farm work is often seasonal)

🔸happening at particular times of the year → theo mùa

Verdant (a) /ˈvɝː.dənt/ (The valley is lush and verdant)

🔸green with healthy plants → xanh tươi

Arid (a) /ˈer.ɪd/ (Very few plants grow in arid deserts)

🔸extremely dry → khô cằn

Monsoon (n) /ˌmɑːnˈsuːn/ (The monsoon brings heavy rain to India)

🔸the season of heavy rain → gió mùa

Herbicide (n) /ˈhɝː.bɪ.saɪd/ (Farmers use herbicides to kill weeds)

🔸a chemical for destroying plants → thuốc diệt cỏ

Edible (a) /ˈed.ə.bəl/ (These berries are edible)

🔸safe to eat → ăn được

Tractor (n) /ˈtræk.tɚ/ (The farmer drove a tractor across the field)

🔸a strong vehicle for pulling farm equipment → máy kéo

Plough (n) /plaʊ/ (The farmer used a plough to prepare the field)

🔸a farming tool for turning soil → cái cày

Livelihood (n) /ˈlaɪv.li.hʊd/ (Farming is his main livelihood)

🔸the way of earning money to live → kế sinh nhai