Unit 4 Vocabulary

Commercial Agriculture

Production of crops for the purpose of widespread distribution/sale.

Subsistence Agriculture

Crop and livestock are raised for the purpose of maintaining. the farmer and their family, leaving little for trade/sale.

Milkshed

Range of milk production to the Central Market.

Mediterranean Agriculture

Agriculture that’s practiced in Mediterranean climates.

Market gardening

production of vegetables, flowers, fruits, and plants with the intention to sell them for profit.

Horticulture

The practice of garden cultivation and management.

Truck farming

commercial gardening and fruit farming.

Plantation agriculture

(Large farm) specializes in 1-2 crops

Biotechnology

Use of biology to solve problems and make useful products.

Shifting cultivation (swidden)

Land is cultivated for a short time, then the farmer abandons the land to cultivate another area.

Intertillage

Preparation of land between rows of plats.

Pastoral nomadism

People who continually move that rely on livestock.

Desertification (Sahel)

Arable land becomes dry and desert-like.

Double Cropping

Harvesting twice a year from the same field

Fertile Crescent

A crescent shaped region in Western Asia where land it fertile.

Domestication

Adapting wild plants and animals for human use.

Green Revolution

Introduction of new crops that multiplied the production rate of crop in many countries.

Commodity chains

a set of interrelated activities associated with the production of one good or service such as manufacturing, consumption, design, retailing, marketing, and advertising.

Agribusiness

Set of political and economic relationships that organize food for commercial purposes.

Sustainable agriculture

Agricultural practices that improve the environment

Ridge Tillage

Farmer builds ridges or raised “beds” on the field.

Aquaculture

Production of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions

Conservation

Sustainable use of Earth’s natural resources to meet the needs of humans.

Genetically Modified

Plant/Animal/Microbe whose DNA is altered using genetic engineering techniques.

Organisms (GMOs)

Plants, Animals, and Microorganisms

Deforestation

Purposely clearing out forest land.