Module 9 - Small + Large Intestine

Major/Minor Papillae

Ducts open into duodenum

Duodenal (Brunner’s) Glands

Mucous glands in submucosa + neutralise acidic chyme

Peyer’s Patches

Lymphatic nodules in mucosa/submucosa of ileum

Ileocaecal Junction - 2

Sphincter

Valve

Small Intestine - 3 Processes

Gastroileal reflex

Ileocaecal sphincter

Caecal distention

Gastroileal Reflex - Trigger + Action

Increase stomach activity

Increase ileal segmentation

Ileocaecal Sphincter - Process

Slightly constricted

Peristaltic wave + gastrin

Relax

Caecal Distention - Process

Caecum full

Local reflex

Ileocaecal valve constrict - prevent backflow

Large Intestine - 3 Functions

H2O + NaCl absorption

Secrete mucus

Produce vitamin K - bacteria

Teniae Coli

3 incomplete strips of longitudinal muscle

Haustra

Pouches due to shorter teniae coli + bunch up

Omental Appendages

Fat filled tags

Crypts

Straight tubular glands in mucosa

Anal Canal - Superior

Simple columnar

Anal Canal - Inferior

Stratified squamous