AP Art History Unit 15: Art of the Americas

Chavin de Huantar: Form

Stone

Chavin de Huantar: Culture

Chavin

Chavin de Huantar: Location

Northern highlands, Peru

Lanzon Stele:

Chavin de Huantar

Has contour rivalry, depicts god only to true believer.

Relief Sculpture:

Chavin de Huantar

white stone; repeated patterns.

Contour rivalry.

Nose Ornament:

Chavin de Huantar

Found on nobles in tomb, gold → wealth/status.

Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings: Form

Sandstone

Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings: Culture

Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi)

Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings: Location

Montezuma County, Colorado

Yaxchilan: Form

Limestone

Yaxchilan: Culture

Maya

Yaxchilan: Location

Chipas, Mexico

Structure 40:

Yaxchilan

Bird Jaguar towers over war enemies with parents (Shielf Jaguar, and mother) overhead.

Structure 33:

Yaxchilan

Has roof comb- wall on top of roof, makes it look taller.

Bird jaguar wins game against his enemies

Lintel 25 at Structure 23:

Yaxchilan

Depicts Lady Xoc (Shield Jaguar’s wife), cutting her tounge with cactus to make herself nauseous, then she has a dream about him being associated with the serpent god; legitimize rule.

Skull shaping.

Great Serpent Mound: Form

Earthwork/effigy mound

Mirrors Draco Constellation; snake

Great Serpent Mound: Culture

Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands)

Great Serpent Mound: Location

Adams County, southern Ohio

Templo Mayor: Form

Stone

Templo Mayor: Culture

Mexica (Aztec)

Templo Mayor: Location

Tenoctitlan, Mexico

Calendar Stone:

Templo Mayor
Volcanic Stone

Has semi-history showing previous ways they went extinct,

Shows sun-god/earth devourer in middle.
Time keeps going, they give sacrifice to make it go.

His tongue is blade, hands hold heart.

Coyol Stone

Templo Mayor
Basalt

Depicts Coyol shattering after Huitz threw her off mountain after he was born.

Olmec-style mask

Templo Mayor
Jadeite

Aztec believed that the Olmec’s were a significant culture, kept their ancient things.

Ruler’s feather headdress (prob of Motecuhzoma II): Form

Feathers (Quetzal and cotinga) and gold

Ruler’s feather headdress (prob of Motecuhzoma II): Culture

Mexica (Aztec)

City of Cusco: Form

Andesite

City of Cusco: Culture

Incan

City of Cusco: Location

Central highlands, Peru

Curved Inca wall of Qorikancha and Church of Santo Domingo. New Spanish Baroque:

City of Cusco
Original made to sun god Inti

Spanish took over and made it a Church

Walls at Saqsa Waman:

City of Cusco
Uses Fitted-Stone Masonry; natural rock shapes; fitted together with no mortar.

Maize Cobs: Form

Sheet metal/repousse, gold and silver

Inca are KNOWN for Repousse metallurgy

Maize Cobs: Culture

Incan

Maize Cobs: Location

Not really there rn, but it was a part of the City of Cusco

City of Manchu Picchu: Form

Granite

City of Manchu Picchu: Culture

Incan

City of Manchu Picchu: Location

Central Highlands, Peru

Observatory

City of Manchu Picchu

Emphasized relationship between ruler and astronomy and gods

Intihuatana Stone

City of Manchu Picchu

“hitching post of the sun” Initi (sun)

Name refers → track passage of sun throughout the year = sun dial

Being able to track sun; → Inca ruler is descendant of sun

All-T’oqapu Tunic: Form

Camelid fiber and cotton

All-T’oqapu Tunic: Culture

Incan

Bandolier bag: Form

Beadwork on Leather

Bandolier bag: Culture

Lenape (Delaware Tribe, Eastern Woodlands)

Transformation Mask (closed & open): Form

Wood, paint, string

Transformation Mask (closed & open): Form

Wood, paint, string,

Formline Style; masks are bilaterally symmetrical, thick undulating black lines + ovoid shapes

Transformation Mask (closed & open): Culture

Kwakwaka’wakw

Transformation Mask (closed & open): Location

Northwest coast of Canada

Painted Elk Hide: Form

Painted Elk Hide

Painted Elk Hide: Culture

Eastern Shoshone

Painted Elk Hide: Location

Windy River Reservation, Wyoming

Black-on-black ceramic vessel: Form

Blackware Ceramic

Black-on-black ceramic vessel: Culture

Puebloan

Black-on-black ceramic vessel: Location

New Mexico

Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza: Form

Ink and color on paper

Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza: Culture

Viceroyalty of New Spain

Spanish-controlled Mexico