Lesson 4.1 Salting

human history

Preservation of foods with salt has been practiced throughout ___________

Salt

inhibits most spoilage by reducing the amount of water available for microbial growth.

Egyptians

were the first realized preservation possibilities of salt.

Sodium

draws moisture out, allowing meat storage without refrigeration.

Mesopotamia (3000 BCE_

Fish

Meat

What time when salting predates that was written in history? In what B.C.E. used salt to preserve

• _

• _

Early Romans like Cato (234-149 BCE)

They explained salting perishables.

Xiechi lake

Largest natural lake in Shanxi, China and a saline lake for salt production

Yunchen yanchi

Yungchen lake

Xiechi lake is also known as

Shangchi, China

Xiechi lake is the largest lake in?

Crystalline mineral

what type of mineral is salt?

Sodium (Na) + Chlorine (Cl)

chemical composition of salt

harvested from salt mines

evaporated sea water

We can get salt from:

• _

• _

Taste and texture

Mineral and sodium

types of salt differ from:

• _

• _

Refined salt/Table salt

what type of salt has this characteristics?

• Most common

• Highly refined

• Anti-caking agents

• ≥97% sodium chloride

• With added iodine

Most common

Highly refined

Anti-caking agents

≥97% sodium chloride

With added iodine

what are the characteristics of table salt

Sea salt

what type of salt has this characteristics?

• Evaporated seawater

• Coarse

• Sodium chloride + trace minerals

• Darker = more impurities/nutrients

• May contain microplastics

Evaporated seawater

Coarse

Sodium chloride + trace minerals

Darker = more impurities/nutrients

May contain microplastics

characteristics of sea salt

Himalayan salt

what type of salt has this characteristics?

• From Pakistan (Khewra salt mine)

• Pink color (Iron oxide)

• Slightly lower sodium than table salt

From Pakistan (Khewra salt mine)

Pink color (Iron oxide)

Slightly lower sodium than table salt

Characteristics of Himalayan salt

Coarse-grained, natural

Used for removing blood in meats

Large flakes

Not ideal for baking

Varies by brand

Characteristics of Kosher salt

Kosher salt

what type of salt has this characteristics?

• Coarse-grained, natural

• Used for removing blood in meats

• Large flakes

• Not ideal for baking

• Varies by brand

Sea salt (France)

Grayish, contains a bit of water (moist)

Lower sodium than plain table salt

While Celtic salt contains more minerals than table salt, these are in trace amounts) , still high in sodium chloride

characteristic of Celtic salt

Celtic salt

what type of salt has this characteristics?

• Sea salt (France)

• Grayish, contains a bit of water (moist)

• Lower sodium than plain table salt

• While Celtic salt contains more minerals than table salt, these are in trace amounts) , still high in sodium chloride

from evaporated ocean/saltwater lakes, little processing, retains trace mineral, coarse

from underground mining in salt deposits, heavily processed (eliminate minerals and added additives to prevent clumping), added iodine for healthy thyroid

sea salt vs table salt?

Salting

process of preserving food by applying dry salt or brine (saltwater solution) to inhibit bacterial growth 

brine

saltwater solution

draws the moisture using osmosis

what is the mechanism of salting

meat (ham, bacon)

fish

vegetables (sauerkraut)

uses of salting

Dry salting (direct application)

Wet salting (brining)

methods of salting

curing

Salting is core method in ?

pink

unique

smoky flavor,

Tocino uses ____ salt as curing agent that imparts _________