Pharmacotherapy for Schizophrenia and Substance Use Disorders

Flashcards covering key concepts and details regarding pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia and substance use disorders, including medication classes, side effects, and nursing considerations.

What are the first generation antipsychotics primarily used to treat?

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Name a side effect associated with first generation antipsychotics.

Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) such as acute dystonia or tardive dyskinesia.

Which drug is known as a long-acting injectable antipsychotic?

Haloperidol (Haldol).

What is a common metabolic effect of second generation antipsychotics?

Weight gain and increased risk of diabetes.

What is the function of naloxone (Narcan) in opioid overdose?

Reverses the effects of opioid overdose by acting as an antagonist.

List one symptom of opioid withdrawal.

Mood dysphoria or increased vital signs such as hypertension.

What medication is used as an aversion therapy for alcohol use disorder?

Disulfiram (Antabuse).

What are the two classes of medications used for opioid addiction?

Buprenorphine (partial agonist) and methadone (synthetic narcotic).

What is the time frame for alcohol withdrawal symptoms to begin?

6-8 hours for mild to moderate withdrawal after the last drink.

What is the risk of discontinuation syndrome when stopping antipsychotics abruptly?

Symptoms may include dizziness, nausea, and insomnia.

What nursing consideration is crucial when administering first generation antipsychotics?

Monitor orthostatic blood pressure to prevent falls.

What are some common side effects of second generation antipsychotics?

Sedation, sexual dysfunction, and metabolic effects.