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autotrophs
can make their own food
heterotrophs
need to consume other organisms to make energy
anabolism
the way an organism gets its energy and stores it in cells through chemical processes
catabolism
how organisms use the stored energy to carry out life processes using chemical reactions
metabolism
the sum of the chemical processes used by an organism to get energy from food to grow and function
ATP
adenosine triphosphate
ADP
adenosine diphosphate
ATP + H2O = ???
ADP
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
what is DNA
a nucleic acid made from a chain of nucleotides that store information
base pairs
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
what are base pairs
the different “rungs” on a DNA ladder
replication
when the DNA is unzipped and the matching nucleotides are found and attached
mutations
occur when a nucleotide is skipped, inserted, or deleted
RNA
ribonucleic acid
what is RNA
a single-strand nucleic acid
exons
sections of the RNA that code for proteins
introns
sections of the RNA transcript that don’t contain information about protein production and are cut out before transcription
translation
the process in which amino acids are assembled into proteins
anticodons
align with codons
codons
align with anticodons, provides the code for the amino acids during translation
RNA proteins
adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine
