Abeka 9th grade Science (Matter and Energy)Test 11

increase surface area

Which of the following actions would likely increase the rate of a chemical reaction ?

usable energy

Which one of the following quantities decreases in every spontaneous reaction ?

electrolytic cell

3. What type of electrochemical cell uses an electric current to produce a chemical reaction ?

storage cell

What type of electrochemical cell is designed to recharge with electricity from an outside source ?

catalyst

What is the general term for a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but is not permanently changed or consumed in the reaction ?

b

Which of the following represents a combination reaction ?

Le Châtelier's principle

What principle says that when an equilibrium is disturbed , the system will behave in a way that at least partially offsets the disturbance ?

10

a certain solution , [ H , O * ] was 1 x 10 mol / L . After a reaction , the pH increased by 6 . What is the new pH ?

double displacement

Phosphorus pentachloride reacts with water to form phosphoric acid , according to the following reaction : PCI , + 4H₂O → H₂PO4 +5 HCI . What type of reaction is this ?

starch

What substance is used for food storage in plants ?

lipoproteins

What substances are used to transport cholesterol through the body ?

RNA

What molecule is used as a working copy of genetic information ?

base

Which of the following is slippery to the touch , has a bitter taste , and turns litmus paper blue ?

oxonium

What is the name of the H , O + ion ?

saturated fat

Which of the following lipids contains no double bonds ?

redox reaction

Which of the following is the general term for a reaction in which electrons are transferred between atoms ?

Carbon has four valence electrons .

Which of the following properties helps explain the uniqueness of carbon ?

C.

Which of the following molecules is an alcohol ?

Two backbones connected by base pairs form a double helix .

Which of the following statements best describes the structure of DNA ?

ATP

The energy carrier of the cell is the compound named ?

law of conservation of mass

The principle that states the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products is the ?

reversible

Reactions that can proceed in either direction are said to be ___ ? ___ reactions

fuel

An electrochemical cell that generates electricity using substances that are continually replenished from an outside source is a ( n ) ? cell .

2 ( two )

Balance the following chemical reaction : Zn + ? HCI → H₂ + ZnCl₂ .

aromatic

A compound that has a cyclic structure with delocalized electrons is a ( n ) __ ? _ hydrocarbon .

alkane

hydrocarbon containing only single bonds

haloalkane

contains a halogen atom bonded to a carbon atom

ester

always found in the middle of a molecule , never on the end of a carbon chain

alkene

hydrocarbon that contains one or more double bonds

soap

salt of a carboxylate ion

activation energy

What term describes the kinetic energy necessary for reactant molecules to undergo a chemical reaction ?

balanced

What term describes a chemical equation that has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the arrow ?

gene

What is a segment of DNA containing the code for a specific substance , task , or characteristic ?

neutral

What term describes a substance that is neither an acid nor a base ?

organic chemistry

What branch of chemistry is the study of carbon - containing compounds ?

( chemical ) equilibrium

What term describes a situation in which two reactions in opposite directions occur at the same rate ?

lipids

group characterized by being insoluble in water

proteins

group that consists of smaller molecules linked by peptide bonds

carboyhdrates

group that consists of carbon , hydrogen , and oxygen in about a 1 : 2 : 1 ratio

reactants

The substances that undergo a chemical change are the

salt

An ionic compound that does not contain either a hydrogen ion or a enhydroxide ion is a

electroplating

Using an electrical current passing through a solution to coat object with a thin layer of metal is

chemical kinetics

The study of the rates of chemical reactions is

nucleic acids

The building blocks of proteins are

coefficient

A number indicating how many molecules or formula units of a substance are involved in reaction is a

7

The pH of water is

chemical reaction

chemical change resulting from a collision between molecules

endothermic reaction

reaction that absorbs energy from the surroundings and stores the energy in chemical bonds

decomposition reaction

reaction that involves a single substance breaking down into two or more other substances

spontaneous reaction

reaction that can occur without continuing outside help

structural formula

scientist has an unknown substance and has identified that it is a carbohydrate . He is choosing another property to determine whether the substance is a monosaccharide EWENA or a polysaccharide . Which of the following properties will be most useful ?

More solid Ca ( OH ) , would form , since OH is added . Equilibrium would shift to the left

An aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide , Ca ( OH ) , forms the equilibrium Ca ( OH ) , Ca² + + 2 OH- . If sodium hydroxide ( NaOH ) is dissolved in the calcium hydroxide solution and dissociates to Na + and OH , what effect will this addition have on the equilibrium ?

Silver sulfide ; a color change is an evidence of a chemical change

A silver object becomes tarnished when an interaction with hydrogen sulfide gas ( H₂S ) in the air causes the object's surface to turn black . Careful measurement shows that the object's mass increases slightly . A chemist takes a sample of the black material and analyzes its composition . Predict what substance it is and explain why you made that prediction .

Essay : Metabolism in plants and animals is an important factor that regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere . Explain the relationship between metabolism and atmospheric carbon dioxide . Predict how a forest fire would affect this relationship in both the short and long terms .

• Two key processes of metabolism are photosynthesis ( in plants ) and cellular respiration ( in plants and animals ) . Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and uses it to produce glucose Cellular respiration " burns " glucose and produces carbon dioxide ; most of this carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere .

• In the short term , a forest fire would cause an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide . The fire itself would generate a large amount of carbon dioxide . Because trees would be killed or injured , the forest as a whole would perform less photosynthesis and therefore remove less carbon dioxide from the atmosphere .

• In the long term , a forest fire would have minimal effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide . As the forest grew back it would remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere . Eventually , most or all of the carbon dioxide that was released into the atmosphere by the fire would be removed from the atmosphere by the regrown forest .