OT 460 Vital Signs and Lab Values

the 5 vital signs

1. Heart Rate

2. Temperature

3. BP

4. Respiratory Rate

5. PAIN

normal/resting heart rate

60-100bpm

normal respiratory rate

12-20 breaths per minute

normal blood pressure

<120/<80

pre-hypertensive BP

120-139/80-89

hypertension stage 1 BP

140-159/90-99

hypertension stage 2 BP

160 or highter/100 or highter

hypertensive crisis BP

>180/>110

considerations for pain

subjective, location, note duration and intensity

lab values indicate

client's overall health and reasons for reduced occupational performance

lab values for potassium

3.5-5

critical in nerve and muscle function

affects heart rhythms

lab values for sodium

135-145 mEq/l

reflection of renal function

Hypernatremia: >145

Hyponatremia: <135

lab values for uric acid

4-8.5

builds up to form crystals in joints and tissue

prothombin time (PT)

11-14 sec

international normalized ratio (INR)

0.9-1.2

2.0-3.0 effective for therapy for people taking warfarin

normal lab value for hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)

4-5.6%

A1C

blood test that provides info about average levels of blood glucose over past 3 months

normal lab value for glucose

65-99 mg/dl

hyperglycemia is also called

ketoacidosis

hypoglycemia

less than 70mg/dl

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

normal ranges for RBC

females: 4.1-5.1 mcl

males: 4.5-5.3 mcl

RBC considerations for therapy

if too low, possible anemia and too weak for therapy

if too high, possible polycythemia and increased risk for stroke/thrombosis

purpose of hemoglobin

measures blood's ability to carry oxygen

normal ranges of hemoglobin

males: 13-17

females: 12-15

hemoglobin level that indicates a need for transfusion

<8 g/dl

purpose of hematocrit

measures % of RBC in total blood volume

normal hematocrit ranges

males: 40-52%

females: 36-47%

Defer therapy if hematocrit levels are below

25% (abnormal)

Considerations for hematocrit levels in therapy

25-30+%: light activity & ADLs

>30%: as tolerated

normal WBC count

4500-10000

elevated WBC may indicate

infection (precautions)

Urine C and S

culture and sensitivity

bacteria/WBC in urine is a

UTI

cardiac function lab values: creatine kinase and kinase MB

CK: 25-200

CKMB: 0-4

troponin lab values

cardiac enzyme

normal: below 0.1

elevated with different conditions

brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is related to

CHF

<100 - no heart failure

>900 - severe heart failure

normal triglycerides lab values

<150

normal total cholesterol

<200

normal high-density lipoprotein (HDL) value

>35

>60 - negative risk factor

normal low-density lipoprotein (LDL) value

65-180

normal albumin levels

3-5

normal total protein value

5.5-9

normal serum glutamic transaminase levels

SGOT: 5-40 units/L

SGPT: 7-56 units/L

normal blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels

6-20

BUN is a by-product of protein metabolism

normal creatinine levels

0.6-1.3

provides estimate of how well the kidneys are filtering