Classical Criminology and Its Key Theorists

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23 Terms

1

Classical Criminology

Justice administration based on rational principles.

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2

Utilitarian Thinkers

Philosophers advocating for the greatest good.

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3

Cesar Beccaria

Italian nobleman, author of 'On Crimes and Punishment'.

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4

Jeremy Bentham

English philosopher known for hedonistic calculus.

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5

Innocent Until Proven Guilty

Legal principle ensuring presumption of innocence.

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6

Due Process

Fair treatment through the judicial system.

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7

Jury System

Group of citizens deciding legal cases.

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8

Social Contract

Agreement sacrificing freedom for state security.

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9

Just Deserts

Punishment proportionate to the crime committed.

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10

Deterrence

Punishment aimed at preventing future crimes.

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11

Hedonistic Calculus

Decision-making based on pleasure versus pain.

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12

Panopticon

Design for a prison allowing constant surveillance.

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13

Neoclassical Revisions

Adjustments allowing judicial discretion in sentencing.

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14

Rehabilitative Justice

Focus on treating offenders to prevent re-offending.

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15

Law and Order Theory

Emphasizes strict punishment to deter crime.

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16

Three-Strikes Law

Mandatory life sentence after three felony convictions.

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17

Routine Activity Theory

Crimes occur when motivated offenders meet opportunities.

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18

Hot Spots

Areas with high crime rates needing focused prevention.

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19

Feminist Argument

Critique blaming victims rather than addressing offenders.

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20

Corporate Crime

Illegal acts committed by businesses for profit.

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21

Death Penalty

Capital punishment for severe crimes.

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22

Deterministic Sentencing

Fixed punishments based on crime severity.

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23

Judicial Discretion

Judges' ability to make individualized sentencing decisions.

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