Georgia Odyssey by James C. Cobb

False

True or False: Georgia was settled by convicts

Hernando de Soto

Who led the first European (Spanish) expedition into states interior (in 1540)?

1540

What year did Spanish explorers/missionaries come in first contact with Georgia?

1732

What year did Georgia receive its charter as a British colony?

James Edward Oglethorpe

Founder of Georgia

Battle of Bloody Marsh

What was the name of the battle at which Oglethorpe repulsed the Spanish out of Georgia (St. Simons Island)?

St. Simons Island

Where was the Battle of Bloody Marsh?

Relocation of homeless

Oglethorpe's hope for Georgia

Free passage, 50 acres, and supplies/foodstuffs for a year.

Those selectively chosen as the colony's initial settlers received what extras? (3)

Effingham County (Ebenezer)

Persecuted religions (such as Jews and Lutheran Salzburgers) established a settlement in Ebenezer which later became this county

True

True or false: Georgia started out anti-slavery (until 1750)

George Whitefield

The colony's leading minister of the gospel

1750

Year proslavery advocates got their way

James Wright (1760-1776)

Royal governor (1760) who led the way for Carolina-ization of Georgia

Carolina-zation

Played key role in growth if Georgia and expanded production of rice & indigo

Rice and Indigo

(2) main exports of Georgia after Carolina-ization

Cracker

Socially superior whites - noisy, boasting - "cracking corn" and "whip-crackers"

Georgia

Only colony to comply with Stamp Act (1765)

Stamp Act

1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc.

1778

British Forces occupied Savannah, Georgia

Georgia

Which was the 13th colony?

Nancy Morgan Hart

Cross-eyed; Made her house a refuge for patriots - Defended her home and feigned submission to 6 Tories, cooked a meal, pushed muskets out of the cracks in her wall,

Benjamin Hart

Nancy Morgan Hart's husband; "wimp" for suggesting Tories be shot instead of hanged

December 12, 1912

The 6 skeletons of Nancy Morgan Hart's story were found

Elijah Clarke

Patriot leader for the Georgia militia during the Revolution; led troops at Battle of Kettle Creek

Yazoo Land Fraud (1795)

Four land companies bribed legislators to approve their acquisition of 35 million acres at the cost of only $500k

Governor James Jackson

Overturned Yazoo Act in 1802 which led way to AL and MS; elected to First Congress

Andrew Jackson

victorious general at the Battle of New Orleans over the Creeks in War of 1812

Trail of Tears (1838)

refers to the trail that the Cherokee took from Georgia to Oklahoma; 4000 died out of about 16,000

1798

New state constitution; all taxpayers could vote (even women - in theory but not practice), 5 slaves = 3 whites.

1793

Cotton gin invented by Eli Whitney in what year

Black Belt

the area of the south where most slaves were held (44%), stretching through middle third of state

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Program of the New Deal to perform public works to put people back to work.

Gone with the Wind

By Margaret Mitchell; story of the Old South set during the Civil War and Reconstruction in Georgia

Robert Toombs

one of the most passionate secessionist in Georgia and led us to secede from the U.S.

November 1860

Legislature met in then-capital Milledgeville to discuss secession.

Alexander Stephens

Vice President of the Confederacy

Henry L. Benning

vocal advocate for secession; supreme court, Ft. Benning; "Old Rock"

- focus was future of slavery

General William T. Sherman

Union General led his army throughout the south burning and destroying private property

Conquest of Atlanta (1864)

March to the Sea

March to the Sea

Sherman's march to Savannah which cut off confederate supplies received by the sea

F. M. Hawkins (December 1864)

Begged Sherman to peacefully take Savannah instead of by force

James Johnson

appointed provisional governor of Georgia after the Civil War

- acknowledged supremacy of US Constitution and abolition of slavery

- repealed ordinance of secession and repudiated the state's war debt

- limited voting rights to "free white male citizens" only

- authorized public schools for whites, but didn't mention blacks

- rejected 14th amendment

14th Amendment

Rights of citizenship and due process to blacks

Military Reconstruction Act of 1867

Congressional law that imposes military rule. Imposed by Republicans in Congress who didn't like the South's radical legislative actions.

- registration of black voters and accorded black citizenship and equal protection of the law

John B. Gordon

general (D) and clansman, lost Gubernatorial contest to Rufus Bullock (R)

Rufus Bullock

1st Republican governor of Georgia; oversaw a corrupt, carpetbagger government.

- ratified 14th amendment

- dismissed issue of white supremacy

- fled state to avoid impeachment (1870) after federal govt.'s third attempt at military rule of Georgia

Camilla Massacre

November 1867 - at least 9 black Republicans killed

15th Amendment

States cannot deny any person the right to vote because of race.

James M. Smith

Succeeded Bullock (1871) - effectively redeemed Georgia from radical reconstruction

Bourbon Triumvirate

three Georgia leaders; Joseph E. Brown, Alfred H. Colquitt, John b. Gordon

Helped overthrow reconstruction in 1870s

Crop-lein system

system that allowed farmers to get more credit; they used harvested crops to pay back their loans

Thomas E. Watson

ran for vp on Populist Party ticket, in later life he became a racist