Pharmacology High-Yield Terms

A rare syndrome of growth hormone excess in adults characterized by abnormal growth of tissues, metabolic abnormalities, and cardiac dysfunction

Acromegaly

Aka: pituitary diabetes insipidus

Syndrome of polyuria, polydipsia, and hypernatremia caused by inadequate production of vasopressin

Central diabetes insipidus

A syndrome of GH excess in children and adolescents with open long bone epiphyses that results in excessive height

Gigantism

The 2 anterior pituitary hormones (LH and FSH) that regulate reproduction in males and females

Gonadotropins

A growth factor that is the primary mediator of GH effects

IGF-1

Pituitary tumor that secretes excessive amounts of prolactin and is associated with a syndrome of infertility and galactorrhea

Prolactinoma

Drugs used to inhibit preterm labor

Tocolytic

Irreversible mental retardation and dwarfism caused by congenital hypothyroidism

Cretinism

Severe hypothyroidism

Myxedema

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Goiter

Autoimmune disorder that results in hyperthyroidism during the early phase and can progress to hypothyroidism if there is destruction of the gland in later phases

Graves’ disease

A protein synthesized in the thyroid gland; it’s tyrosine residues are used to synthesize thyroid hormones

Thyroglobulin

The anterior pituitary hormone that regulates thyroid gland growth, uptake of iodine and synthesis of thyroid horomne

TSH

Severe thyrotoxicosis

Thyroid storm

Syndrome caused by excess thyroid hormone

Thyrotoicosis

Protein synthesized in the liver that transports thyroid hormone in the blood

Thyroxine-binding globulin

Partial or complete loss of adrenocortical function, including loss of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoid function

Addison disease

Suppression of the ability of the adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroids.

Adrenal suppression

Metabolic disorder caused by excess secretion of adrenocorticoid steroids, which is most commonly due to increased amounts of ACTH

Cushing syndrome

A substance usually a steroid that activates glucocorticoid receptors

Glucocorticoid

A substance usually a steroid that activates mineralocorticoid receptors

Mineralocorticoid