unit 8 sbmc

Centralized Power

when one ruler or government has strong control over a whole country

gunpowder empire

an empire that used gunpowder weapons to conquer and control land

ottomans

a muslim empire based in turkey that ruled parts of Europe Asia and Africa

istanbul

the ottoman capital formerly called Constantinople

Devshirme system

ottoman system of taking Christian boys and converting them to islam and training them for government or military based on how smart or strong you are because the ottomans thought they would be more loyal

janissaries

elite ottoman soldiers trained through the devshirme system

bombards

large cannons used to break city walls

sultan

the ruler of the ottoman empire

jizya

a tax non-muslims paid in muslim empires

viziers

important advisers who helped the sultan rule

millet system

ottoman system that let religious groups govern themselves in some ways

Suleiman the magnificent

ottoman sultan know from expanding the empire, improving laws, and supporting art and architecture

hindu/hinduism

a major religion from ins with beliefs in karma, dharma, reincarnation and many gods.

muslim

a follower of islam

sikhism

a religion from India that teaches belief in one god and equality

sharia law

islamic law based on the Quran and teachings of Muhammad

Sanskrit

an ancient language of India used in hindu texts

persian

a language and culture important in many muslim courts including the Mughal empire

Peters reforms

changes made by Peter the great to modernize Russia and make it more like western europe

patriarch

the leader of the Russian orthodox church

boyars

Russian nobles who had power before Peter the great limited them

Elizabeth

the queen herself (ruled 1558–1603)

Elizabethan Religious Settlement

Elizabeth's compromise that made England officially Protestant while reducing religious conflict

Spanish Armada

he Spanish fleet sent by King Philip II to invade England in 1588; Elizabeth's England defeated it

sir Francis drake

English explorer and naval commander who helped defeat the Spanish armada and was supported by Elizabeth

shakespeare

famous play writer who loved and wrote during the time of Elizabeth in the golden age