Biology Honors Grade 9 first test

Biology

The study of life and living organisms

Archaea

A domain of single-celled microorganisms that are prokaryotes, distinct from bacteria, and can often survive in extreme environments.

Eubacteria

A domain of prokaryotic microorganisms that are characterized by their ability to thrive in a variety of environments, typically having rigid cell walls and unique biochemical properties.

Protista

A diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms that can be unicellular or multicellular, often found in aquatic environments, and serve various ecological roles.

Fungi

A kingdom of eukaryotic organisms that includes yeasts, molds, and mushrooms, known for their role in decomposition and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.

Plantae

A kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are primarily autotrophic, performing photosynthesis through chlorophyll, and play a crucial role in providing oxygen and food in ecosystems.

Animalia

A kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are primarily heterotrophic, obtaining their nutrients by consuming organic matter, and are characterized by their ability to move and respond to stimuli.

Organism

Any living thing

Abiogenesis

Living things could come from nonliving things

Biogenesis

Living things come from other living things

Cell

the smallest unit of life

Unicelluar

1 celled

Multicellular

many celled

Sexual

DNA from 2 different parents

Asexual

Single parent (cloning, budding)

Genetic Code

Instructions (DNA) found in all living things

Growth/Development

all living things grow and some change to adulthood

Heterotrophs (animals)

obtain energy from eating other living things

Autotrophs (cell)

generate food/energy internally with sunlight

Stimulus

A response is a reaction to

Phototropism

the growth or movement of an organism in response to a light stimulus, typically seen in plants

Gravitropism

the growth of plants in response to gravity

Homeostasis

maintaining constant internal conditions. maintained using a system of FEEDBACK LOOPS in the body

Evolve

develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form.