WHAP Unit 7.2.1: Spread of Islam in Anatolia

476

Fall of Western Roman Empire

527

Peak of Byzantine Empire; Rule of Justinian

1054

Great Schism

1096-1270

Crusades try to take back Jerusalem from the Muslims

1347-1351

Black Death devastates Europe

Byzantine Empire

[330-1453 CE] The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.

Constantinople

A large and wealthy city that was the imperial capital of the Byzantine empire and later the Ottoman empire, now known as Istanbul

Justinian I

[r. 527-565] Byzantine emperor that reunited the parts of the Roman empire, simplified Roman laws with Justinian's Code, and ordered the Hagia Sophia built.

Justinian's Code

Laws of the Byzantine empire based on the Twelve Tables of Roman law, became a basis for laws in many European nations

Hagia Sophia

The Cathedral of Holy Wisdom in Constantinople, built by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian

Iconoclasm

Greek for "image-breaking," is the deliberate destruction within a culture of the culture's own religious icons and other symbols or monuments. In the 8th and 9th Century, Byzantine rulers banned religious images increasing the divide between east and west in the Christian Church.

Great Schism

[1054 CE]The separation of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church

Battle of Manzikert

[1071 CE] Seljuk Turks defeat Byzantine armies in this battle in Anatolia; shows the declining power of Byzantium.

Ottoman Empire

Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Empire was based at Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453-1922. It encompassed lands in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe.