QUIZ #1 (From U.S. District Courts - Strict Constructionist) Ap Gov Chapter 6 Vocab: The Judiciary

The U.S. District Courts

On the lowest tier of the three level federal court system

The U.S Circuit Courts of Appeals

On the middle tier of the three federal court system

The U.S. District Courts

On the lowest tier of the three level federal court system

The U.S Circuit Courts of Appeals

On the middle tier of the three federal court system

The U.S. Supreme Court

The highest court in the land

Original jurisdiction

court has the authority to hear the case first

Treason

"levying war" or "giving aid or comfort" to the enemy

Judicial Review

To examine acts of legislatures to see if they comfort with the proposed Constitution.

Marbury v. Madison

Case that established the judicial review, meaning U.S. fort could strike laws deemed unconstitutional

Plaintiff

a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.

• Ex. In civil cases, they file a complaint, a brief explanation of the damages and why the defendant should be held liable.

Defendant

An individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.

Attorney General

The head of the department of justice

Civil Law

a category of law covering cases involving private rights and relationships between individuals and groups

Complaint

A brief explanation of the damages and why the defendant should be held liable.

Injunction

court order that forbids a party from performing a certain action

Certiorari

• Latin for "to make more certain"

• The losing party formed a fact-base trial can appeal based on the concept.

Precedent

acts as a basis for future decisions of similar circumstances

Stare Decisis

the practice of letting a previous legal decision stand

Binding Precedent

the district court is obliged to rule the same way

Persuasive Precedent

They consider past decisions made in other district courts of far away circuit courts as a guiding basis for decision.

Federalism

Process in which powers are shared and divided between national and state governments.

Strict Constructionist

a person interprets the Constitution in its original context