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STATE - AGREE ROLE IN ENDING INEQUALITY
RADICAL
Equality + Biological differences are unimportant
These are things the state should promote and should not perpetrate male dominance
SOCIALISTS
LIBERAL
(Similarities between radical and liberal - only state intervention can protect women against sexual harassment, radical by increase prosecution reduce rape by changing culture through state intervention)
→ Charlotte Perkins Gilman - women should be liberated form male dominance through equality of opportunity therefore they need a full place in employment, education needs to change and economic roles
→ Simone De Beauvoir - women must be granted the opportunity to make as many choices as men to be able to escape housework and role in marriage largely achieve through state funded childcare, education, legalised abortion
STATE - DISAGREE DIFFERENCE V EQUALITY
DIFFERENCE
RADICAL
would say this takes puts women back
suggesting women are nurturing and caring leaves women stuck in specific sections of the economy
If state values differences will lead to greater oppression such as gender pay gap
legislation is needed to reduce this
STATE - DISAGREE PRIVATE V PUBLIC
Liberal
Radical
This applies difference of state actions
Liberal - limit state removing restriction on female freedom e.g., more access to birth piles
Radical - make divorce easier - patriarchal marriage – private sphere
Disagree on what the state should do to end inequality Radical everywhere do different things especially privately Liberal mainly pubic therefore main to get more women in senior positions or politics
STATE AGREE SKEPTICAL OF STATE ACTION
Liberal
RADICAL
Gender is a form of learnt behaviour women are expected to form to feministic - Simone De Beauvoir (‘Women are made, not born’) other words one becomes a woman – gender norms need to change from birth choice is taken away
Charlotte Perkins Gilliam - post natal depression only way to address these issues massively cultural change is need which can be assist but not dominated by the state
Women need to aspire to this except state should exist, but state alone cannot fix women liberation women themselves are key drives of their own liberation
Bell hooks concern with direct relationship between men and women, men must understand the patriarchy they impose, and women must break free of the preconceptions about themselves ‘unlearned self-hatred’, women roles not state
HUMAN NATURE- agree difference between sex and gender
HUMAN NAUTRE - DISAGREE DIFFERNCE V RADICAL
difference
women have unique traits rather than downplaying these qualities such as tenderness, care and nature should be celebrated
essentialism – equal to those of men if not better than that what men process
men’s human nature is fixed and therefore pa~~t~~riarchy is fixed instead of trying to ‘be like a man’ or change men women in society should remove themselves from the patriarchy led to support of communes, separate quarters – in Syria fleeing woman Gecidi women only commune shows divides in radical feminism
men are too prone to violence and that is not going to change therefore men cannot be trust in the long run to respect women thus the commune is justified in banning men
Equality feminists
by separating themselves from men they let male dominance persist in wider society outside of that commune and supress female longing for greater opportunities – short term in long term destroy patriarchy
androgyny difference between male and female apart from biology are nothing – difference feminists don’t share this view
difference feminists represent a tiny part
HUMAN NATURE - AGREE PATRAICHY OVERCOME HN TO FLOURISH
YET, all feminists accept that removing patriarchy is a good start to removing female empowerment, even post-modernist accept this – while strand may adopt different methods still agree for HN to flourish etc.
ECONOMY - DISAGREE CAPITALISM THE PRIORITY
For socialist feminists ending capitalism would make the biggest dent in the patriarchy
Simone De Beauvoir noted how men dominate economic life limiting h life choices of women
Liberal feminists would priorities equality before the law and not the economy
Intersectional feminist believe that white women class women benefit more from the economy then black working class women – BELL HOOKS then priority to address this particular problem
Radial express sympathy with socialist feminism – Kate Millet – view on the economy is peripheral to here views on feminist focused far more on literature and the private sphere of patriarchy and family
Simone de Beauvoir notes ‘otherness’ and one becomes a women is what needs to be tackled – focus on the culture of society not just the economy – putting her at oods with other socialist feminist who would prioritise the economy over societal change
Charlotte Perkins Gilman spoke of women considered man locked in rooms while suffering post natal depression – thus culture change assisted by economic measure but not dominated is the key for many feminist and not the economy – socialist on there own in prioritising the economy compared to other strands
economy - agree men dominate the economy
ECONOMY - STATE ROLE
Disagree on the extent to which economic equality between men and owned is important – some radical feminism called difference – call women to accept biological differences and to value them
Difference – women should not be encourage to deny distinctive women should not try to be like a men should except unique qualities of women hood such as nature and caring why more women are nurses and high paid executive for example
But radical equality feminists – dismiss these views – difference feminism takes the feminism move back to suggest women are passive, nurture and caring perpetuates stereotypes and leaves to women pigeon holed in specific sectors of the economy
Radical feminist would argue that gender difference if not challenge then consequence will be continued female repression leading to great economic oppression – gender pay gap will continue to exist without some level of economic equality since lead to further socialisation if women feel to small to ask for higher pay then they wont ask
Liberal feminist however focus on the public sphere firstly want universal suffrage and women representation in politics – focus more on politics then the economy on laws
Wollstonecraft felt that once these conditions where met – liberated women would thrive in and enhance ethe free market economy – therefore liberal feminist done except intervention in the state like socialist feminists do who believe labour regulation from state to prevent worker exploitation
Meanwhile radial, patriarchy exist everywhere including private sphere ‘personal is political’ would advocate economic intervention to assist ending patriarchy – patriarchy exist to many places for this to make large places women would still be subjugated owing to chains of family life – Kate millet women must be own liberties not state that will achieve economic freedom – its women themselves
PERSONAL IS POLITICAL - public v private
public – politicians, big business not what goes on in the home
firstly ensure universal suffrage and equal pay more important not the issue that affect women in their home hence their support for all female short list in labour candidate selection in elections
radical feminists would say that is drop in ocean patriarchy exist everywhere, including private sphere Kate Millet believe patriarchy existed in family in the literature books boys and girls read therefore undoing the traditional family was key to cultural revolution and indeed sexual revolution – family is patriarchy key institution and political decisions would have to address this oppression
PERSONAL IS POLITICAL - agree change women domestic condiotns to certain extent
PERSONAL IS POLTICAL - INTERSECTIONALIST V RADICAL
bell hooks believe that women have different experience depending on race, class and sexuality therefore the straight middle class white view of what political is minor to that discrimination faced by a woman of colour she would say that middle class women just frustrated with do housework may not be stopped by police may own home – women of colour may not have this have to overcome even more personal barrier to achieve economic equality then other women n
radical difference feminist – disagree with personal is political call women to accept biological difference and to learn this gender is not learnt it is natural – should accept it women should not try being like a man this leads them to accept domesticity personal conditions is natural not political
radical equality dismisses this they believe takes feminist back allows for perpetuation of stereotypes pigeonholing women in certain sections of home – failing to ignore difference leads to things like gender pay gap therefore led to be more reliant on men as wage higher – women surrender role in all parts of life, therefore decisions on abortion is political
difference women should just accept roles this is contrast to radical equality
OVERALL AGREE DISAGREE - PATRAICHY
AGREE
male dominate society
socialist see this society sheila kreowt-bthoma reserve army of labour many see women work for lower wages than men - aptraichy is perpetuate by capitalism but even without she believe sexism would exist due to partichy
→ suport ford strike / female union workers
liberal feminists - equality before the law thus equal pay → Betty Friedan patrahciy crept into private sphere see families limit women
radical agree
disagree
extent liberal private sphere universal suffrage and rpessenation support all female show lists
but radical everywhere personal is poetical Kate millet exit in literatures family undoing family key to freedom
→ rape Wolff talks of beauty sexuality sees partially everywhere
SEX AND GENDER
Agree
differnce sex and gnder
gender learn behaviour e.g grills schools shoes unenclosed
Simone de behaviour women made not born otherness women not the norm
→ similar to radical wolf demofrity
gilman post natal depression seen as mad
disagree
EQUALITY
agree
disagree
SEX AND GENDER - EQUALITY AND DIFFERENCE FUNDAMENTALLY DIFFERENT
SEX AND GENDER - ACCEPT SEX AND GENDER ARE DISTINICT
more difference then unity both sex and gender is up for discussion most feminists believe sex is biological signed in at birth - conflict on how to address gender divides
SEX AND GENDER - HOW TO DIVIDE GENDER DIVIDES AND HOW IMPORTANT IT IS TO DO SO